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Surgery PLE COPY > trauma > Flashcards

trauma Flashcards

1
Q

Yes or no: All patients with blunt trauma require cervical spine immobilization

A

Yes

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2
Q

most common indication for intubation

A

altered mental status

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3
Q

What is the indication of emergent tracheostomy

A

laryngotracheal separation or laryngeal fractures

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4
Q

Treatment of flail chest with underlying pulmonary contusion

A

require presumptive intubation and mechanical ventilation

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5
Q

treatment of tension pneumothorax

A

CTT

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6
Q

treatment of open pneumothorax

A

closure of pneumothorax and CTT

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7
Q

What is the direction of insertion of a CTT

A

directed superiorly and posteriorly 36F Chest tube

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8
Q

where is the incision of a CTT

A

4th - 5th ICS MAL

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9
Q

pressure of carotid pulse

A

60 mmHG

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10
Q

pressure of femoral pulse

A

70 mmHg

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11
Q

pressure of radial pulse

A

80 mmHg

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12
Q

Definition of massive hemothorax

A
  1. >1500 ml blood loss 2. 1/3 of blood volume in pediatrics
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13
Q

what is the incision on emergency department thoracotomy

A

left anterolateral thoracotomy

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14
Q

Indication of emergency department thoracotomy

A
  1. witnessed penetrating trauma with < 15 mins of prehospital CPR 2. witnessed blunt trauma with < 5 mins of prehospital cpr Persistent severe post injury hypotension BP <60 mmHg 3. cardiac tamponade 4. hemorrhage 5. air embolism
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15
Q

Layers of the body passed by CTT

A
  1. skin 2. suuperficial fascia 3. serratus anterior 4. external intercostal 5. internal intercostal 6. innermost intercostals 7. endothoracic fascia 7. parietal pleura
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16
Q

What is the most common cause of cardiogenic shock in a trauma patient

A

tension pneumothorax

17
Q

Areas in the body in performing physical exam that needs special attention

A
  1. axilla 2. back 3. perineum
18
Q

The big three radiographs in BLUNT trauma

A
  1. lateral cervical spine 2. chest 3. pelvic
19
Q

Radiograph for truncal gunshot wound

A
  1. anteroposterior and lateral chest and abdomen
20
Q

Target INR and PTT of trauma patients

A

INR < 1.5 PTT < 45 seconds

21
Q

What are the zones of the neck?

A

zone 1 - up to the level of cricoid zone 2 - cricoid up to the angle of mandible zone 3 - above the mandible

22
Q

What is the 5 plain radiograph views of the cervical spine

A
  1. lateral 2. anteroposterior 3. transoral odontoid 4. bilateral oblique views
23
Q

Treatment of penetrating neck injury that is asymptomatic

A

zone I -CT scan neck and chest, CTA esophagogram, bronchoscopy zone II a.transcervical GSW - like zone 1 b. all others - observe zone III -observe

24
Q

Treatment of penetrating neck injury that is symptomatic, stable

A

zone I -CT scan neck and chest, CTA esophagogram, bronchoscopy zone II a. operative exploration zone III -angiography - Interventional radiography embolization

25
Q

Treatment of GSW/Stab wound in the abdomen of stable patient

A

A. GSW 1. Anterior abdomen - explore lap 2. RUQ, tangential, back or flank - CT scan B. Stab wound 1. back, flank - CT scan 2. AASW + LWE - DPL, CT or Serial Exam

26
Q

Positive Result of DPL

A
  1. WBC > 500 ml 2. Amylase > 19 3. ALP > 2 4. Bilirubin >0.01 5. RBC a. AASW > 100,000 b. Thoraco abdominal >10,000 if between 1,000 - 10,000 do laparoscopy or thoracoscopy
27
Q

Areas of FAST

A
  1. subxiphoid 2. morison’s pouch/ hepatorenal recess 3. LUQ/ perisplenic 4. pelvis >250 ml blood
28
Q

What age is cricothyroidotoy is contraindicated

A

< 8 years old can cause subglottic stenosis

29
Q

What is the immediate management of air embolism

A

Trendelenberg position to trap air in the left ventricle

30
Q

What is the blood loss of a rib fracture

A

100 to 200 ml

31
Q

What is the blood loss of a pelvic fracture

A

>1000 ml

32
Q

What is the blood loss of a tibial fracture

A

300 to 500 ml

33
Q

What is the blood loss of a femur fracture

A

800 to 1000 ml

Surgery PLE COPY (16 decks)

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