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Fundamentals > Trauma Assessment > Flashcards

Trauma Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

What is the first step when attending a trauma

A

Checking for any dangers, and ensure that there is a safe scene to approach.

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2
Q

What is a safe scene approach?

A

Assessing and recognising if there are possible hazards present. Also what PPE will be required.

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3
Q

What initial patient assessment do we do?

A

Level of response (AVPU), general impression (end of bed assessment) -colour, eye contact, patient positioning, obvious pain.

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4
Q

If the patient is awake what must we do?

A

Gain consent

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5
Q

What is the first step after checking for danger in the primary survey?

A

Catastrophic Haemorrhage - assess the patient of life threatening external bleeding

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6
Q

What equipment can we use for catastrophic haemorrhage?

A

CAT Tourniquet, celox, russel chest seal

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7
Q

What is after catastrophic Haemorrhage?

A

Airway

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8
Q

How do we check a patients airway?

A

Open it by either a head tilt chin lift or a jaw thrust. Look inside for vomit, blood etc. Apply suction if required. Can use an OPA or a NPA to help keep the airway open.

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9
Q

After Airway what do we assess next?

A

Breathing

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10
Q

How do we assess breathing?

A

Get down to skin level, watch the chest rise and fall (is it equal). Auscultate and listen to the chest (what does it sound like). APPLY 100% OXYGEN WITH A NON REBREATHER MASK.

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11
Q

What is after breathing?

A

Circulation

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12
Q

How do we check circulation?

A

Can check breathiing and circulation simultaneously. While watching the chest rise and fall and check for a cararotid pulse. Check for radial pulses, temperature of the patients hands, colour, sweaty, clammy and also consider doing a capillarey refill time.

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13
Q

What is after circulation?

A

Disability

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14
Q

What does checking disability involve?

A

Checking the pupils - equal size, reactivity, direct resonse to light, consensual reflex, Pupils equal and reacting to light (pearl).
Consider blood glucose levels.

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15
Q

What is after checking the disbailty?

A

Expose and Examine

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16
Q

What does expose and examine consist of?

A

Removing all of the patients clothing, looking for obvious bleeding, deformity and bruising.

17
Q

What is after the primary survey?

A

Secondary Survey

18
Q

What is the purpose of a secondary survey

A

To identify and treat of any life threatening or limb threatening diseases.

19
Q

What history take structure must we use when doing a secondary survey?

A

AMPLE - Alergies, Medication, Past medical History, Last meal, Events leading up to

20
Q

Begins with D

What is the acronym when performing a head to toe exam?

A

DCAPBTLS - deformities, contusions, crepitus, abrasions, punctures, penetration,burns, tenderness, lacerations, swelling.

21
Q

What is involved when completing a head to toe survey at the head?

A

Feel all over the head, check the hair - do not force open the eyes or mouth.

22
Q

For conscious patients, what are we noting down about the radial pulse?

A

The rate, rhythm, strength

23
Q

If the patient is not awake, how do we gain consent?

A

Work under the doctrine of necessity

24
Q

What is agitation an early sign of?

A

Hypoxia and traumatic brain injury

25
Q

What do you need to do as part of the secondary survey regarding the chest.

A

Full auscultation of all the lung fields when assessing the chest.

26
Q

As part of the secondary survey what are we assessing in the neurological exam?

A

Calculating the GCS score, motor and sensory exam, pupils (important to reassess regularly).

27
Q

If anything changes with the pts condition what do we do?

A

Reassess and return to the ABCDE process

28
Q

Where do we start the head to toe exam?

A

The head

29
Q

What should you do when checking the head in the head to toe exam?

A

Feel all over the head, red flags include boggy masses, battle signs, raccoon eyes, altered pupillary response.

30
Q

What is after the head in the top to toe survey?

A

The neck

31
Q

What are we assessing the neck for in the top to toe survey?

A

A central trachea, DCAPBTLS, feel for c-spine pain, tenderness, bony abnormalities, measure and apply collar, crepitus of the larynx, hoarseness, subcutaneous emphysema.

32
Q

What is after the neck in the top to toe survey?

A

The chest

33
Q

What are we checking the chest for in the top to toe survey?

A

DCAPBTLS, equal chest expansion, are there any open wounds. Need to do a full auscultation. IPPA

34
Q

What is after the chest in the top to toe exam?

A

The abdomen

35
Q

What are we checking the abdomen for in the top to toe survey?

A

Visual checks - signs of bleeding or bruising. Palpate all quadrants and stop when you feel pain!

36
Q

What is after the abdomen in the top to toe survey?

A

The pelvis

37
Q

What do we need to check the pelvis for in the top to toe exam?

A

If haven’t done so already apply pelvic binder. Unstable pelvic fractures can cause significant internal haemorrhage.

38
Q

What is the last thing to check on the top to toe survey?

A

The back and limbs - DCAPBTLS and dress any wounds.

Fundamentals (13 decks)

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