trigger - Osteoporosis

Question 1

These cells recylce calcium back into the blood stream

Answer 1

Osteoclasts

Question 2

PTH stimulates what

Answer 2

osteoclasts to breakdown bone and increase blood clacium levels!

Question 3

If you have high blood calcium levels, what happens in the body

Answer 3

thyroid releases calcitonin to seep calcium from blood and build it into teh bone

stimulates osteoblasts

Question 4

Osteoporosis is loss of …… AND ……

Answer 4

bone mineral AND matrix!

Question 5

what are the 3 reasons adolescents may have osteoporosis

Answer 5

1. disease
2. malnutrition
3. inactive lifestyle

Question 6

inhibits osteoclasts

Answer 6

estrogen

Question 7

I made a dumb pnemonic for meds that cause osteoporosis so 5 this if you dont want it

its: Very CALM DASH

Answer 7

Valproic acid

cyclosporine
antacids
lithium
MTX

Depo-provera
aromatase inhibitors
steroids
heparin

Question 8

what are the 3 pathological fractures

Answer 8

• compression fx of vertebre
• hip fracture
• distal radius (Colle’s)

Question 9

T-score of -1.98 would be considered…..

Answer 9

osteopenia!!

Question 10

()-scores are compatred to 30 year olds whereas ()-scores are compared to peer of equal age/gender

what would a “bad” score for either of these suggest

Answer 10

T-score = 30. Bad = osteoporosis/osteopenia
Z-score = peer of equal age/gender. Bad = secondary cause for osteoporosis

NOTE!!! only the T score is used for dx.

Question 11

10 year likelihood of osteoporotic or hip fx is called

Answer 11

FRAX score

Question 12

what can you technically consider an osteoporosis diagnosis

Answer 12

Question 13

avoid this calcium replacement if the pt takes a PPI. it also must be taken w food

Answer 13

calcium carbonate

calcium citrate = no food and okay w ppi

Question 14

oversupplementation of calcium can potentially lead to…

Answer 14

cardiac arrhythmias

Question 15

what do bisphosphonates do in relation to osteoporosis/osteopenia treatment

Answer 15

cause apoptosis of osteoclasts

Question 16

This medication has a SE of osteonecrosis of the jaw

Answer 16

bisphosphonates

Question 17

If a pt has a CKD CI and therefore cannot use bisphosphonates, what might you give them instead

Answer 17

denusumab

Question 18

what would you give a patient who has osteoporosis/osteopenia + frax w a hx of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery

Answer 18

annual IV zoledronic acid!

given when pt has CI to bisphosphonates that isnt CKD

if CKD CI then use denosumab

Question 19

if your patient has osteoporosis/osteopenia + FRAX and also has a high risk of breast cancer, what can you treat them with

Answer 19

SERMs (raloxifene)

does increase risk of thomboembolic events though

Question 20

A patient is undergoing a drug holiday from their bisphosphonate. What medication could you give them if needed during this time to treat their osteoporosis

Answer 20

romosozumab (PTH/PTH protein analog)

Question 21

disease associated with affecting collagen 1 in connective tissue

Answer 21

osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 22

which type of osteogenesis imperfecta is lethal

Answer 22

type 2

Question 23

which Osteogenesis imperfecta presents with moderate fragility, bluie sclera and <10% hearing loss

Answer 23

Type IV

Question 24

which osteogenesis imperfecta presents with premature accelerated osteopososis

height normal.

Answer 24

Type 1

Question 25

which type of osteogenesis imperfecta results in scoliosis, short stature, triangular face, frequent fx, and hearing difficulties

Answer 25

Type 3