TRUTH, METHODS OF TRUTH, KINDS OF TRUTH Flashcards
is the property of sentences, assertions, beliefs, thoughts, or propositions that are said, in ordinary discourse, to agree with the facts or to state what is the case.
Truth
What are the bearers of truth?
Belief
Statements
Sentences
mental expressions of our claims.
Belief
which philosophers also call a “proposition” refers to a linguistic expression whose function is to advance a claim about the world.
Statements
is the method to check if an empirical statement, a statement about an observable fact in the world, correctly represents a fact in the world.
Observation
is the observation of our own thoughts and feelings
Internal Observation
Philosophers identify this as introspection
Internal observation
is observation of things “outside our mind or consciousness”
External Observation
the process of knowing or establishing truth by means our reason
Reasoning
is the process of reasoning that moves from specific observations to broader generalizations.
Inductive
is the process of reasoning that starts from general statements to reach a logical conclusion.
Deductive
the power of obtaining knowledge that cannot be acquired either by inference or observation, by reason or experience.
Intuition
provides the person having the experience some mean of knowing something which cannot be known using the usual methods of observation by our sense organs and reasoning.
Mystical Experience
may take the form of testimony of a reliable eyewitness, information provided by an appropriate expert, and reliable documents, among others.
Appeal to Authority
What are the Methods of Truth?
- Observation
- Reasoning
- Intuition
- Mystical Experience
- Appeal to Authority
