TUESDAY Cardiovascular abnormal conditions

Question 1

stable angina

Answer 1

artieres cannot increase blood to heart muscle during increased activity

usually stops with rest of giving a vasodilator

Question 2

variant angina (prinzmetal’s anginga)

Answer 2

longer duration
can happen at rest
same time each day
cornorary artery spasms
no damage

Question 3

unstable angina

Answer 3

Worsening CAD
rest doesnt relieve
can occur @ rest
risk for cardiac damage / death

Question 4

Nursing interventions for angina

Answer 4

correct cardiovascular risk factors
avoid preciptating factos
medications
   *dilate cornoray artieries and decrease workload of heart
   *nitroglycerin

Question 5

heart faliure

Answer 5

abnormal condition when circulatory congesting resulting from hearts inablitiy to act as an effective pump

left ventricular failure ( MOST COMMON)
right Ventricular faliure ( caused by left ventricular failure)

Question 6

valvular heart disease

Answer 6

heart valves are comprompised and do not open and close properly

• stenosis
  
  • insufficency

causes = congenital, rhematic fever
s/sx: fatigue, anginga, oliguria, pale, cool skin, weight gain, restlesness, abnormal breathing sounds, edema

Question 7

rheumatic heart disease

Answer 7

inflammatory disease which is delayed childhood reaction to inadequalty treated childhood upper respiratory tract infection of beta-homolytic streptococci
causes scar tissue in heart
s/sx - temp, elevated HR, epistaxis, anemia, joint pain, stiffness, nodules on the joints, specici to valve effected, heart murmur

Question 8

pericarditis

Answer 8

inflammation of the membrane sac surrounding the heart
acute/chronic
bacterial, viral, or fungal
noninfectious conditions
s/sx debilitating pain, dyspnea, fever, chils, diaphoresis, leukocytosis, pericardial friction rub, pericardial effusion

Question 9

endocarditis

Answer 9

infection of the inner membranous lining of heart
*flu like simp., petechiae on conjunctiva, mouth and legs, anemia, splinter hemorraghes under nails, weight loss , heart murmur

Question 10

myocarditi

Answer 10

inflammation of myocardium
rheumatic heart disease
viral, bacterial, or fungal infection
endocarditis
pericardiatis

Question 11

cardiomyopathy

Answer 11

a group of heart muscles diseases that primarly affects the strucutural or functional ability of the myocardium

not assoc with CAD,hypertension, vascular or pulmonary disease

primary cause - ?
secondary- infective, metabolic, nutirtional, alchol, peripartium, drugs, radiation,SLE, rheumatioid arthrits

Question 12

cardiomyopathy s/sx

Answer 12

angina
syncope
fatiuge
dyspnea on exertion
severe excerise intolerance
s/sx of left and right sided CHF