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Wellness Vocab > Tuiz 2 > Flashcards

Tuiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The physiological impulse to seek food, prompted by a shortage of basic foods needed to provide energy

A

Hunger

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2
Q

The constituents of food that sustain humans physiologically: proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water

A

Nutrients

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3
Q

The desire to eat

A

appetite

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4
Q

The science that investigates the relationship between physiological function and the essential element of foods eaten

A

nutrition

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5
Q

the process by which the body breaks down foods and either absorbs or excretes them

A

digestive process

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6
Q

A unit of measure that indicates the amount of energy obtained from a particular food

A

calorie

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7
Q

Abnormal depletion of body fluids

A

dehydration

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8
Q

The essential constituents of nearly all body cells

A

protein

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9
Q

the nitrogen containing building blocks of protein

A

amino acids

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10
Q

nine of the basic nitrogen-containing building blocks of protein

A

essential amino acids

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11
Q

proteins that lack one or more of the essential amino acids

A

incomplete proteins

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12
Q

Two incomplete protein foods that complement each other’s inadequate essential amino acids

A

Complementary proteins

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13
Q

Give some examples of complementary proteins.

A

legumes+grains
legumes+nuts and seeds
green leafy vegetables+grains
green leafy vegetables+nuts and seeds

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14
Q

Basic nutrient that supplies the body with glucose, the energy form most commonly used to sustain normal activity

A

carbohydrates

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15
Q

A major type of carbohydrate, which provides short-termed energy

A

simple carbohydrates or simple sugars

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16
Q

a major type of carbohydrate, which provides sustained energy

A

complex carbohydrates

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17
Q

a complex carbohydrate form that is the storage of glucose in the plants

A

starch

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18
Q

The complex carbohydrate form of glucose stored in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in muscles

A

glycogen

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19
Q

The indigestible portion of plant foods that helps mover food through the digestive system and softens stools by absorbing water.

A

fiber

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20
Q

Grains that are milled in their complete form, and so include the bran, germ, and endosperm, with only the husk removed

A

whole grains

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21
Q

Fatty acids that are produced when polyunsaturated oils are hydrogenated to make them more solid

A

trans fat

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22
Q

essential organic compounds that promote growth and reproduction and help maintain life and health

A

vitamins

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23
Q

foods believed to have specific health benefits and/or prevent disease

A

functional foods

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24
Q

substances believed to protect against tissue damage at the cellular level

A

antioxidants

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25
Q

fat-soluble plant pigments with antioxidant properties

A

carotenoids

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26
Q

inorganic, indestructible elements that aid physiological processes

A

minerals

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27
Q

List 7 minerals

A

sodium, potassium, phosphorus, chloride, calcium, magnesium, sulfur

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28
Q

condition that results from the body’s inability to produce hemoglobin

A

anemia

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29
Q

The value on a food label that lets you know how much of a nutrient is provided by eating one serving of the food.

A

% Daily Value

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30
Q

A person who follows a diet that excludes some or all animal products

A

vegetarian

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31
Q

Vitamins and minerals taken by mouth that are intended to be supplement existing diets

A

dietary supplements

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32
Q

grown without use of pesticides, chemicals, or hormones

A

organic

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33
Q

A person who primarily eats food frown or produced locally

A

locavore

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34
Q

over reaction of the body to normal, harmless proteins

A

food allergy

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35
Q

an inherited autoimmune disorder affecting the digestive system caused by gluten

A

celiac disease

36
Q

adverse effects when people who lack the digestive chemicals needed to break down certain substances eat those substances

A

food intolerance

37
Q

foods derived from organisms where DNA has been altered using genetic engineering techniques

A

genetically modified goods

38
Q

characterized by environments that promote increased food intake, nonhealthful foods, and physical inactivity

A

obesogenic

39
Q

short def: theory that people naturally store more fat than others

A

thrifty gene theory

40
Q

the rate of energy expenditure of the body under BMR conditions plus other daily sedentary activities

A

basal metabolic rate

41
Q

The energy expenditure that occurs during exercise

A

Exercise Metabolic Rate

42
Q

The energy expenditure of the body under BMR conditions plus other daily sedentary activities

A

resting metabolic rate

43
Q

The energy expendenture from exercise

A

exercise metabolic rate

44
Q

theoretical mechanism by which the brain regulates activity according to calorie intake

A

adaptive thermogenesis

45
Q

Theory that a form of internal thermostat controls our weight and fights to maintain this weight around a narrowly set range

A

set point theory

46
Q

cycles in which people diet and regain weight

A

yo-yo diet

47
Q

The feeling of fullness or satisfaction at the end of a meal

A

satiety

48
Q

a condition characterized by an excessive number of fat cells

A

hyperplasia

49
Q

the act of swelling or increasing in size. as with cells

A

hypertrophy

50
Q

Having a body weight more than 10 % below healthy recommended levels

A

underweight

51
Q

Having a body wight more than 10% of healthy recommended weight.

A

overweight

52
Q

Having a body wight more than 20% of healthy recommended weight.

A

obesity

53
Q

Having a body wight more than 100% of healthy recommended weight.

A

morbidly obese

54
Q

Having a body wight more than 150% of healthy recommended weight.

A

super obese

55
Q

waist circumference divided by divided by hip circumfrance

A

waist to hip ratio

56
Q

psychological disorder characterized by an obsession with a minor or imagined flaw in appearance

A

body dysmorphic disorder

57
Q

a desire to look good that has a destructive effect on a person’s ability to function well in social interactions and relationships

A

social physique anxiety

58
Q

a pattern of atypical eating behaviors that is used to achieve or maintain a lower body weight

A

disordered eating

59
Q

a psychiatric disorder characterized by severe disturbances in body image and eating behaviors

A

eating disorder

60
Q

eating disorder characterized by excessive preoccupation with food, self- starvation, or extreme exercising to achieve weight loss

A

anorexia nervosa

61
Q

eating disorder characterized by eating followed by inappropriate measures to prevent weight gain

A

bulimia nervosa

62
Q

a type of eating disorder characterized by binge eating once a week or more, but not followed by a purge

A

binge-eating disorder

63
Q

eating disorders that are a true psychiatric illness do not fit the criteria of other specific illnesses

A

eating disorders not otherwise specified

64
Q

disorder characterized by a compulsion to engage in an excessive amount of exercise

A

compulsive exercise

65
Q

body image disorder in which men believe that their body is insufficiently lean or muscular

A

muscles dysmorphia

66
Q

three integrated health problems in some females: disorder eating, amenorrhea, and poor bone density

A

female athlete triad

67
Q

the ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to supply oxygen to skeletal muscles during sustained physical activity

A

cardiorespiratory fitness

68
Q

maximum force able to be exerted by single contradiction of a muscle or muscle group

A

muscular stregnth

69
Q

ability to perform muscle contraction repeatedly without fatiguing

A

muscular endurance

70
Q

ability to move joints freely through their full range of motion

A

flexibility

71
Q

the relative proportions of fat mass and fat-free mass in the body

A

body compostition

72
Q

List 5 components of physical fitness

A

cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, and body composition

73
Q

FITT

A

Acronym for Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type.

essential components of a program

74
Q

refers to how many days per week a person should exercise

A

frequency

75
Q

refers to how hard or how much effort is needed when a person exercises

A

intensity

76
Q

refers to how long a person needs to exercise each time to improve

A

time

77
Q

refers to what kind of exercise a person needs to do

A

type

78
Q

the heart rate range of aerobic exercise that leads to improved cardiorespiratory fitness

A

target heart rate

79
Q

the amount of weight or resistance if only moved once

A

one repetition maximum

80
Q

stretching technique that slowly and gradually lengthens a muscle or group of muscles and their tendons

A

static stretching

81
Q

injuries that are accidental and occur suddenly

A

traumatic injuries

82
Q

Injuries that result from the cumulative effects of day after day stresses places on the tendons, muscles, and joints

A

overuse injuries

83
Q

Acronym for standard first aid treatment

A

Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation

84
Q

Involuntary and forcible muscle contractions that occur during or following exercise in hot and/or humid weather

A

heat cramps

85
Q

a heat stress illness caused by significant dehydration resulting from exercise in hot and/or humid conditions

A

heat exaustion

86
Q

a deadly heat stress illness resulting from dehydration and overexertion in hot and/ or humid conditions

A

heat stroke

87
Q

potentially fatal condition caused by abnormally low body core temperatures

A

hypothermia

Wellness Vocab (1 decks)

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