Types of Solids Flashcards
What are the 6 main types of crystalline solids?
- atomic solids
- non-polar molecular solids
- polar molecular solids
- metallic solids
- ionic solids
- network solids
How can you determine if a solid is conductive?
- does it have charges?
- can they move?
(must answer yes to both)
Explain Atomic Solids
BB= individual noble gas atoms stacked into cube lattice
- force= weak LD
- MP= really low
- hardness= very soft
- non-conductive
- low solubility- DID with water
How do you achieve more solubitity in a solid?
stronger forces
Explain Non-Polar Molecular Solids
BB= non-polar molecules stacked togther
- f=LD
- MP= low
- soft
- non-conductive
- low solubility- DID with water
Why are some solids softer than others?
solids with weak forces= softer compounds
Explain Polar Molecular Solids
BB= polar molecules stacked with slight opposite charges attracting eachother
- f=DD or HB
- MP=medium
- medium hardness
- non-conductive
- medium solubitity
Explain Metallic Solids
BB= metal cations in a lattice that ditch extra electroms into a free sea
- f=MB
- MP=high
- hard
- conductive
- low b/c ID
Explain Ionic Solids
BB= cations and anions forming ionic bonds in 3d cubes, (different packing is used based on size and charge)
- f=IB
- MP=high
- hard but brittle
- conducitive if melted or dissolved in H2O
- most dissolve ( water takes ions out of crystal lattice to dissolve)
Explain Network Solids
BB=atoms or compunds linked in 2D or 3D arrays
- f= CB
- MP=very high
- very hard
- non conductive
- insoluble
What type of tests can be used to determine a solid?
- conductivity test (as solid, when dissolved in water, and when melted)
- melting point test
- solubilitiy test
- hardness test
What type of solid is SiO2?
network solid
