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2nd Grading > UCSP > Flashcards

UCSP Flashcards

1
Q

This is composed of a group of people living together in a certain geographical location sharing similar culture.

A

Society

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2
Q

Who defined culture as the “complex whole which encompasses beliefs, practices, values, attitudes, laws, norms, artifacts, symbols, knowledge, and everything that a person learns and shares as a member of society”?

A

Edward Burnett (E.B.) Tylor

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3
Q

This type of culture are physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use to define their culture.

A

Material Culture

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4
Q

This type of culture are the society’s ideas, attitudes, and values.

A

Non-material Culture

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5
Q

This refers to the differences in social behaviors that cultures exhibit around the world.

A

Cultural Variation

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6
Q

This refers to the situation where people are associated into.

A

Social Differences

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7
Q

This refers to any significant alteration over time in behavioral patterns and cultural values and norms.

A

Social Change

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8
Q

This refers to the time that elapses between introduction of a new item of material culture and its acceptance as part of non-material culture.

A

Cultural Lag

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9
Q

Who defined cultural lag as the time that elapses between introduction of a new item of material culture and its acceptance as part of non-material culture?

A

William F. Ogburn

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10
Q

This defines how to behave in accordance with what society has defined as good, right, and important, and most members of the society adhere to them.

A

Norms

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11
Q

This type of norm is established, written rules.

A

Formal Norms

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12
Q

This type of norm are casual behaviors that are generally and widely conformed to.

A

Informal Norms

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13
Q

A norm engrained so deeply that even thinking about violating it evokes strong feelings or disgust, horror, or repulsion for most people.

A

Taboos

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14
Q

The inability to adequately understand other cultures.

A

Ethnocentrism

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15
Q

The preconceived notion not based on actual experience. The beliefs, thoughts, feelings, and attitudes someone holds about a group.

A

Prejudice

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16
Q

The extreme form of pride and loyalty to one’s country.

A

Extreme Nationalism or Ultranationalism

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17
Q

Discrimination directed against someone from a different race.

A

Racism

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18
Q

Refers to the preference for the culture, ideas, or products of someone else’s culture rather than one’s own.

A

Xenocentrism

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19
Q

The science of people, such as groups, firms, societies, or economies, and their individual or collective behaviors.

A

Social Science

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20
Q

The study of people throughout the world, their evolutionary history, how they behave, adapt to different environments, communicate, and socialize with one another.

A

Anthropology

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21
Q

A subfield of anthropology in which it examines or past ways of life through the interpretation of material culture, organic remains, written records, and oral traditions.

A

Archaeology

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22
Q

A subfield of anthropology that deals with the evolution of the human body, mind and behavior as inferred through study of fossils and comparisons with behavior and anatomy of other primate species.

A

Biological/Physical Anthropology

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23
Q

A subfield of anthropology hallmarked by the concept of culture itself.

A

Cultural Anthropology

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24
Q

A subfield of anthropology that studies the role of language in the social lives of individuals and communities.

A

Linguistic Anthropology

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25
Q

Who describes political science as the analyses of the state and the relations that people have with the government.

A

John Jacobsohn

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26
Q

She simplifies political science as the relation to “be as simple as paying a fine for a traffic violation, or as complicated as running for the position of barangay chairman.”

A

Miriam Defensor-Santiago

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27
Q

The origin, development, and operation of political system.

A

Political Science

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28
Q

A community of persons more or less numerous, permanently occupying a definite portion of territory, having a government of their own which the great body of inhabitant render obedience, and enjoying freedom from external control.

A

State

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29
Q

What are the elements of a state?

A

People
Territory
Government
Sovereignty

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30
Q

This element of state refers to the inhabitants living within the state.

A

People

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31
Q

This element of state refers to the fixed position of land, sea, and air which the jurisdiction of the state extends.

A

Territory

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32
Q

This element of state refers to the agency through which the will of the state is formulated, expressed, and carried out.

A

Government

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33
Q

This element of state refers to the supreme power of the state to command and enforce obedience to its will from people within its jurisdiction to have freedom from foreign control.

A

Sovereignty

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34
Q

Study of groups and group interactions, societies, and social interactions.

A

Sociology

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35
Q

Who explained that sociological imagination are individual problems, or private troubles are rooted in social or public issues, what is happening in the social world outside of one’s personal control.

A

C. Wright Mills (1959)

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36
Q

The vivid awareness of the relationship between experience and the wider society.

A

Sociological Imagination

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37
Q

Allow sociologists to analyze social phenomena at different at different levels and from different perspectives.

A

Sociological Perspectives

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38
Q

This approach looks at both social structure and social functions.

A

Functionalism/Structural-Functionalist Perspective

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39
Q

A French sociologist that believed that society is a complex system of interrelated and interdependent parts that work together to maintain stability.

A

Emile Durkheim

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40
Q

An American sociologist and is often regarded as the “Father of Modern Sociology”. He pointed out that social processes often have many functions.

A

Robert Merton

41
Q

Who is/are the proponents of Functionalism?

A

Emile Durkheim
Robert Merton

42
Q

This framework envisions society as an arena of inequality that generates conflict and change.

A

Social Conflict Perspective/Conflict Theory

43
Q

A German philosopher who saw society as being made up of individuals in different social classes who must compete for social, material and political resources.

A

Karl Marx

44
Q

This type of class according to Karl Marx are the group of people that represented members of society who hold the majority of the wealth and means.

A

Bourgeoisie

45
Q

To achieve this society’s stability, we have to make sure that all social institutions are working properly.

A

Functionalism/Structural-Functionalist Perspective

46
Q

This type of class according to Karl Marx includes those considered working class or poor.

A

Proletariat

47
Q

This paradigm envisions society as the product of the everyday interactions of individuals.

A

Symbolic Interaction

48
Q

To achieve this society’s stability, the proletariat must take control over the bourgeoisie.

A

Social Conflict Perspective/Conflict Theory

49
Q

To achieve this society’s stability, members of the society must share common meanings of symbols.

A

Symbolic Interactionism

50
Q

Who is/are the proponents in Conflict Theory/Social Conflict Perspective

A

Karl Marx

51
Q

Who is/are the proponents of Symbolic Interactionism

A

George Herbert Mead
Herbert Blumer
Erving Goffman

52
Q

He believed that our thoughts, self-concepts and the wider community we live in are created through communication.

A

George Herbert Mead

53
Q

He believed that we must acknowledge human beings as thinking, acting and interacting individuals.

A

Herbert Blumer

54
Q

Are two or more humans that interact with one another, share similar characteristics and have a collective sense of unity.

A

Social Group

55
Q

He developed the technique of dramatic analysis.

A

Erving Goffman

55
Q

A type of social group where it is the fundamental unit of human society. These are characterized by strong ties of love and affection.

A

Primary Groups

56
Q

The characteristics of this social group are:
-Physical proximity
-Small in size
-Stability in nature
-Common commitments among members
-Continuity in relationship
-Maximum control over group members

A

Primary Groups

57
Q

The importance of this social group are:
-To develop personality
-To develop efficiency of members
-To satisfy total needs of individuals
-To provide love, security, belongingness, and companionship to one another

A

Primary Groups

58
Q

A type of social group where groups in which the individual comes in contact later in life. These are impersonal, businesslike, contractual, formal and casual relationships.

A

Secondary Groups

59
Q

The characteristics of this social group are:
-Self-dependence among members
-No physical closeness
-Relations are based on self-interest
-Position of a member depends upon their role and status
-Lacks stability and personal relationships
-Has limited acquaintance and responsibility
-Members play active and passive roles
-Possibility of development in individualism
-It is formed with a definite objective; its function is not spontaneous

A

Secondary Groups

59
Q

A social group according to self-identification in which the individual of a social unit feels at home and where they identify themselves.

A

In-Groups

59
Q

The importance of this group are:
-Satisfies the changing needs of society and individual
-Delegation of the authority, coordination, and planning of the activities will be implemented
-The needs are satisfied in the group with the advance of technology and associated with social change
-Increase efficiency of work through rules

A

Secondary Groups

60
Q

A social group according to self-identification in which the individual of a social unit does not belong due to differences in social categories and which they do not identify.

A

Out-Groups

60
Q

A social group according to self-identification in which are groups to which we consciously/unconsciously refer to when we evaluate our life situations and behavior but to which we do not necessarily belong.

A

Reference/Psychological Group

61
Q

A social group according to self-identification in which there is a social structure that exists between actors and individuals or organizations.

A

Networks

62
Q

What is an actor participating in a network called?

A

Node

63
Q

These are the various types of connection between nodes

A

Ties

64
Q

A type of socialization that is your first experience with language , values, beliefs, behaviors, and norms of your society. First influencers in our life.

A

Primary Socialization

64
Q

A process where an individual has to acquire and learn all the necessary social roles and skills required of a competent member of that society.

A

Socialization

64
Q

A type of socialization that is the process through which children become socialized outside the home, within the society at large. Often starts with school.

A

Secondary Socialization

64
Q

A type of socialization that is a social process where people learn to take on the values and standards of groups that they plan to join.

A

Anticipatory Socialization

65
Q

A type of anticipatory socialization that learns the psychological and social traits associated with a person’s sex.

A

Gender Socialization

65
Q

A type of anticipatory socialization that is the process through which children learn the behaviors, values, and attitudes associated with their respective racial groups.

A

Race Socialization

65
Q

These are people who, through either accident or deliberate isolation, have grown up with limited to no human contact at all.

A

Feral Children

65
Q

This agent of society that is the most important agent of socialization. This provides encouragement, social position brought about by class, religion and ethnicity.

A

Family

65
Q

A type of anticipatory socialization that teaches the norms, values, traits, and behaviors you develop based on the social class you are in.

A

Class Socialization

65
Q

What are the agents of socialization?

A

-Family
-School
-Peer Groups
-Mass Media

66
Q

This agent of society that distributes impersonal information to a wider audience, via television, newspaper, radio and the internet.

A

Mass Media

66
Q

A recognized set of social positions that an individual occupies.

A

Status

66
Q

This agent of society provides individuals an opportunity to confront diversity. This introduces gender roles, socialization, and even clustering of skills and competencies.

A

School

66
Q

This agent of society are made p of people who are similar in age and social status and who share interests. It provides avenues for individuals to develop a sense of self that goes beyond the family,=.

A

Peer Groups

67
Q

A type of status that you do not select or are already pre-determined for us.

A

Ascribed

68
Q

A type of status in which can be obtained by choice.

A

Achieved

69
Q

Refers to the recognized violations of norms.

A

Social Deviance

69
Q

A set of social behaviors expected of someone who fills a particular status.

A

Roles

70
Q

A category of social deviance that is the violation of society’s formally enacted law.

A

Crime

71
Q

A category of social deviance where people who act differently from the majority are also c=defined as defiant.

A

Noncomformity

71
Q

An American sociologist who stated that “What deviant actions or attitudes, whether positive or negative, have in common in some element of difference that causes us to think of another person as an outsider.”(1996)

A

Howard Beeker

72
Q

The socialization process is aimed at internalizing cultural norms and values in order to train and produce competent/productive members of society.

A

Social Control

73
Q

The means of enforcing rules

A

Sanctions

74
Q

A sanction where rewards are given for conforming to norms

A

Positive Sanctions

75
Q

A sanction where there is punishment for violating norms

A

Negative Sanctions

76
Q

A sanction that emerges in face-to-face social interactions and are casually enforced.

A

Informal Sanctions

77
Q

A sanction where these are ways to officially recognize and enforce norm violations.

A

Formal Sanctions

78
Q

Relates that deviant behavior is a result of genetic aberrations.

A

Biological Factors

79
Q

An Italian criminologist that says prisoners have similar “animalistic” features in them.

A

Cesar Lambroso

80
Q

He refuted Lambroso’s claims

A

Charles Goring

81
Q

Deviant is viewed as a result of an “unsuccessful” socialization

A

Personality Factors

82
Q

Who found out that “good boy” displayed a strong conscience, could handle frustration and identified with conventional cultural norms or values. And the same cannot be said to “bad boys”

A

Walter Reckless and Simon Dinitz

2nd Grading (7 decks)

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