Unit 1- 11.1 Nervous System

Question 1

Dendrites

Answer 1

Receive info from receptor or other neuron

Question 2

Motor neuron

Answer 2

Carries info out of CNS. Delivers signal to effector

Question 3

Sensory neuron

Answer 3

Relays info to CNS. Can have cell body sticking out the middle

Question 4

Glial cells

Answer 4

Do not conduct a signal. Helps support neurons by providing structural support.

Question 5

Neurilemma

Answer 5

Helps repair damaged axons

Question 6

Nodes of ranvier

Answer 6

Gaps in the axon

Question 7

Interneuron

Answer 7

Connects the sensory and motor neuron

Question 8

Axon terminal

Answer 8

Passes signal to another neuron

Question 9

Sympathetic

Answer 9

Fight or flight. Neuron’s release neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine

Question 10

Parasympathetic

Answer 10

Rest and digest. Neurotransmitter: acetylcholine

Question 11

Myelin sheath

Answer 11

Proteins that protects the axon and speeds up signal transmission

Question 12

Autonomic

Answer 12

Involuntary movement. Ex. Heart beat

Question 13

Axon

Answer 13

Carries nerve impulse from one end of the cell to the other

Question 14

Somatic

Answer 14

Voluntary control

Question 15

Reflex arc

Answer 15

1.receptors detect stimulus.
➡️sensory neuron transmits nerve impulse to SC, passed signal to interneuron ➡️signal splits, one to motor neuron one to brain.

Question 16

Nerve impulse

Answer 16

Outside of cell is negative (-70mV). Maintained by NA+ and K+ exchange pump, takes 3 na out snd 2 in using ATP. Neuron is polarized

Question 17

Action potential

Answer 17

1.at rest/polarized: inside of cell negative realitive to outside (-70mV) if a stimulus causes membrane potential to increase past threshold (-55) AP begins.
2.Depolarization: voltage gated NA+ channels open, NA+ rushes in, membrane potential increases until max.
3.repolarizing: NA+ channels close, K+ open and K+ rushes out of cell which makes membrane potential decrease to -90
4.hyperpolarization: Na+ K+ channels close. Na+/K+ exchange pump restores resting membrane potential by taking 3Na+ out and 2K+ in.

Question 18

Strength of sensation is determined by:

Answer 18

Number of neurons stimulated
Frequency of APS

Question 19

Saltatory conductors

Answer 19

Myelinated neurons. When one node depolarizes, NA+ ions diffuse to the next. These carry faster signals.

Question 20

Synapse

Answer 20

1. AP arrives at the end of presynaptic neuron
   2.synaptic vesicles containing NTs migrate to the terminal to fuse with cell membrane which releases NTS into synaptic cleft(exocytosis)
   3.NTS diffuse across cleft, bind to receptors on postsynaptic cell.
2. NTS cause a AP or prevent AP in postsynaptic cell by causing depolarization OR hyperpolarization.

Question 21

Types of NTS

Answer 21

excitatory : causes NA+ channels to open (acetylcholine)
Inhibitory: causes K+ channels to open causing hyperpolarization

Question 22

Acetylcholine

Answer 22

After ACH has stimulated a post synaptic cell, its removed from the cleft by ACHASE.

Question 23

What are the 2 divisions of the autonomic system

Answer 23

Sympathetic and parasympathetic