Unit 1

Question 1

Oxidation in o chem

Answer 1

Gain of c=o bonds or loss of c-h bonds

Question 2

Reduction in o Chem

Answer 2

Loss of c=o binds or gain in c-h bonds

Question 3

Strong oxidizing agents

Answer 3

Chromic acid and it’s 3 other types
Nitric acid
Potassium permanganate

Question 4

Weak oxidizing agents

Answer 4

PCC and NaOCl

Question 5

Biological oxidation of alcohol is caused by what

Answer 5

NAD+ being the oxidizing agent in the body

Question 6

Why is benzene so stable

Answer 6

Bonds are the same length
Aromatic
Good bond angles
Conjugation

Question 7

Why is 1,3 butadiene not aromatic

Answer 7

No aromaticity
No contact conjugation
Not stable

Question 8

Aromatic characteristics

Answer 8

Cyclic
Planar
Odd huckel numbers
Continuous conjugation

Question 9

Antiaromatic characteristics

Answer 9

Cyclic
Planar
Even huckel numbers

Question 10

Non aromatic

Answer 10

Not cyclic
Not planar
No whole huckel numbers

Question 11

8 and 10 annulene are what

Answer 11

Non aromatic

Question 12

What is the frost method

Answer 12

MO Diagram with aromatic compounds
Fills orbitals at each corner
Can determine aromaticity

Question 13

Is wavelength proportional to energy

Answer 13

No

Question 14

Is frequency proportional to energy

Answer 14

Yes

Question 15

Is wavelength and frequency proportional

Answer 15

No

Question 16

UV Vis

Answer 16

Shoots lights at electrons and they move up the orbital
Shows conjugation in the form of longer wavelength
More conjugation and pi bonds means taller peak

Question 17

Beers law

Answer 17

Absorption is proportional to concentration
Absorption is proportional to molar absorptivity

Question 18

When a photon hits a ground state molecule what happens to the pi and pi anti electrons

Answer 18

Pi goes into pi anti
Non bonding goes into pi anti d

Question 19

Why does increased conjugation lead to higher lambda max

Answer 19

Sigma bonds don’t absorb in UV or visible region because wavelength is too short
Pi bonds have longer wavelengths

Question 20

Why do lone pairs increase lambda max

Answer 20

Lone pairs continue conjugation

Question 21

How does the color wheel impact what is seen vs what is absorbed

Answer 21

The color you see is complementary to the color that is absorbed

Question 22

What is the fingerprint region

Answer 22

1400 cm or less
Many peaks
Region is unique for each compound

Question 23

What does an NMR plot

Answer 23

Absorbable vs chemical shift

Question 24

How does the environment change the chemical shift

Answer 24

Electronegative atoms and the pi bonds deshield the proton and pull the signal downfield

Question 25

Chemical shift relative to TMS

Answer 25

How far the signal is relative to TMS
TMS is most upfield signal

Question 26

Integration

Answer 26

Measures the amount of protons associated with a particular peak

Question 27

N+1 rule

Answer 27

Neighbors + 1 = how many peaks

Question 28

How is OH NH and pi bonds related to splitting

Answer 28

They put up fences so there are no neighbors

Question 29

Upfield is which direction

Answer 29

Right

Question 30

Downfield is which direction

Answer 30

Left

Question 31

5 basic categories of NMR

Answer 31

Alkane protons around 1 ppm
Vinyl protons around 5-6 ppm
Aromatic protons around 7-8
Protons on carbon next to an oxygen 3.5-4.5
Protons on carbon next to C=O will be 2.0-2.5

Question 32

C13 NMR signals

Answer 32

decoupled because of large coupling constants

Question 33

Dept 90

Answer 33

Shows CH

Question 34

Dept 135

Answer 34

Shows CH/CH3 with a positive phase and CH2 with a negative one

Question 35

Huckel number equation

Answer 35

4n+2=e

Question 36

Anti huckel number equation

Answer 36

4n=e