Unit 1 (1491-1607)

Question 1

What is the main idea for Unit 1?

Answer 1

The societal makeup of the Americas before the Europeans arrived and then how the Europeans affected or got affected. Trade Networks

Question 2

What was there before the Europeans arrive?

Answer 2

Native Americans from different continents which were different diverse groups and lived their lives based on their living conditions

Question 3

Native Americans in Coasted Areas?

Answer 3

Fishing villages

Question 4

Different types of Native people?

Answer 4

Utah & Colorado- Pueblo(farmers, settled population, planted & harvested crops(maze)), advanced irrigation systems(got water in their crops by near bodies of water), cliff dwellings(shelter & homes built in cliffs)

Question 5

Different types of Native people? *

Answer 5

North Colorado & Canada- UTE people- Great basin region, great plain region of continents, nomadic hunter gatherers, lived in bans/clans not cities

Question 6

Different types of Native people? **

Answer 6

Northwest & Pacific Coast- Chumash people- Permanent settlements because of fish & diverse plant life, big villages, regional trade networks in coast

Question 7

Different types of Native people? ***

Answer 7

Pacific Northwest- Similar to Chumash but made homes out of planks

Question 8

Different types of Native people? **

Answer 8

North East- Iroquois- Good crops, long houses made out of timber

Question 9

Different types of Native people? *****

Answer 9

West/ Mississippi River- Cahokia- farmers centralized government

Question 10

How was is before the Europeans came?

Answer 10

1300-1400, Europeans were becoming centralized states governed by monarchs who liked wealthy goods, wanted to get goods from Asia but couldn’t because muslims controlled land based trading which led to Europeans using sea based trading routes. Used Feudalism- peasants lived in a noble land & worked & the nobles would protect the peaseants

Question 11

What was the Trading Post Empire?

Answer 11

The first European nation to start trading post was Portugal & it established trading post around Africa. Imperial dominance based on trade. Led to Europeans getting hold of Indian ocean trade network

Question 12

Maritime Tech?

Answer 12

Astronomical Charts- Reckoning, Astrolabe- Compass, Different ship designs- To make it easier to trade, Lateen sails- Navigate

Question 13

Who joined the ocean trade?

Answer 13

Spain joined ocean trade, reconquest of Iberian peninsula, North African muslim wars consequences- spread catholicism & had new economic opportunities in the East

Question 14

Who was Christopher Columbus?

Answer 14

Major Turning Point- Italian sailor who wanted to sail West for Asian wealth in the atlantic ocean in 1492 & ran into the caribbean, he found wealth & spread the news when he got back home which led to competition between European nations such as Portugal, France, & England to explore the caribbean

Question 15

Columbian Exchange?

Answer 15

Trade of people, plants, animals, & disease between the East & the West

Question 16

CE- Foods

Answer 16

Americas gave potatoes & tomatoes to Europeans. Europeans gave wheat & rice to Americas

Question 17

CE- Animals

Answer 17

Americans gave Turkeys to Europeans. Europeans gave cattle & horses to the Ameircas

Question 18

CE- Wealth

Answer 18

Americas gave gold to Europeans

Question 19

CE- Disease

Answer 19

Europeans settled in Americas which led to Europeans bringing blacks disease & small pox

Question 20

Capitalism?

Answer 20

Societal shift in Europeans states . Economic system based on private ownership exchange

Question 21

Joint Stock Companies?

Answer 21

Funded exploration. Limited liability organization in which investors pool money to fund ventors & collected money when successful. States modeled exploration differently funded

Question 22

Colonization?

Answer 22

Spain found agriculture that was going to make them money which was the encomienda system

Question 23

Encomienda System?

Answer 23

Harness agriculture ambition labor system where spanish enslaved natives to farm & mine in Americas, found problems because Natives found ways to escape since it was their home grounds & Americas weren’t from there, Natives kept dying from diseases. Blacks were used since they spent so much time with the Europeans while trading they became immune to their diseases

Question 24

Casta System?

Answer 24

Spain dominated central & south America & reordered society by using Casta System- racial hierarchy(Spaniards were at top, natives were at bottom

Question 25

How did Europeans feel about Natives?

Answer 25

Looked down on their exploitation, military alliances, forced labor, christian conversion. They both adopted practices from each other Americans & Europeans learned how to hunt and cultivate maze from natives, Natives got iron tools & weapons from Europeans & Americans

Question 26

How did Europeans treat Natives?

Answer 26

Europeans justified abusing Natives with beliefs & Spain believed natives were less humanized & treated them badly

Question 27

Who was Sepulveda?

Answer 27

Believed Native americans benefited because of harsh treatment

Question 28

Las Casas?

Answer 28

Argued that Natives should be treated fairly. He spent time with them & defended them & persuaded Kinds to pass laws to end slavery of natives. Wealthy nobles feared that & persuaded the King to abolish those laws

Question 29

How did Europeans treat Blacks?

Answer 29

Badly & justified it because in the Bible Noah curses Canon’s descendants to be slaves for the rest of their lives & the europeans thought that it was talking about black people

Question 30

Plantation Colonies?

Answer 30

Tobacco made Britain colonies in the Chesapeake region economically viable, by mid 1200s tobacco was the most valuable cash crop