Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Unit 1 Embryology > Unit 1 Embryology > Flashcards

Unit 1 Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

conceptus

A

fertilization product

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

embryo

A

fertilization to 8 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

fetus

A

9th week to birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

zygote

A

single cellular product of fertilization; diploid; genetic sex determined

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cleavage

A

mitosis series; increases cell number (not size)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

blastomere

A

daughter cell of zygote cleavage; totipotent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

morula

A

around day 4; compaction occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

embryoblast

A

inner cell mass in center of morula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

trophoblast

A

periphery cells of morula; invades the endometrium around day 6-7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

blastocyst

A

around day 5; morula accumulates fluid and enters uterine cavity and becomes __

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

blastocyst’s zona pellucida

A

degenerating outer layer; blastocyst “hatches” from this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

blastocele

A

fluid filled cavity in blastocyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

embryoblast of blastocyst

A

inner cell mass of blastocyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

trophoblast of blastocyst

A

outer cell mass of blastocyst;

give rise to cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

embryonic pole

A

region of blastocyst with the embryoblast

opposite end= abembryonic pole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

blastocyst coming into contact with endometrium

A

around day 6-7; implants at embryonic pole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

embryoblast cells

A

give rise to hypoblast layer and epiblast layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

abnormal implantations

A

ectopic pregnancy, tubal, placenta acreta (rips/invades deep tissue- bleeding), placental previa (near cervix)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

implantation of blastocyst

A

SCTs actively invade into endometrium; cytotrophoblasts (CTs) give rise to additional SCT’s; almost completely embedded by Day 9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

utereoplacental circulation

A

Day 10-11; maternal vessel and SCT cooption- exchange starts in primitive placenta;
Day 14- maternal blood flow in placenta spikes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

embryoblast in week 2

A

not much; epiblast and hypoblast layers form a bilaminar germ disc

22
Q

amniotic cavity formation

A

fluid collects around day 8; epiblast cells differentiate into amniotic membrane and separate amnion from trophoblast

23
Q

yolk sac

A

blastocele after it is lined by exocoelomic membrane (hypoblast cells form it; coating inside of trophoblast)

24
Q

chorionic cavity formation

A

fluid filled space develops in extraembryonic mesoderm

25
Q

summary of week 2

A 
Week of 2's
2 embryoblast layers (epiblast and hypoblast)
2 trophoblast layers (SCT and CT)
2 cavities (amniotic and chorionic)
uteroplacental circulation
26
Q

Week 3: morphogenesis

A

begins with gastrulation- form 3 embryonic germ layers in bilaminar germ disc

27
Q

3 germ layers

A

ectoderm
mesoderm
endoderm

28
Q

bilaminar germ disc

A

made of epiblast and hypoblasts

29
Q

bilaminar disc space where 2 layers are fused

A

oropharyngeal (AKA buccopharyngeal) membrane and cloacal membrane

30
Q

primitive streak

A

start of grastrulation; ridge on epiblast layer; cranial to cloacal membrane direction; gives rise to 3 layers; degenerates in Week 4 (so tumors don’t form)

31
Q

primitive groove
primitive node
primitive pit

A

primitive streak invaginates and becomes amoeboid;
cranial end of streak;
depression at node

32
Q

embryonic mesoderm
embryonic endoderm
embryonic ectoderm

(trilaminar germ disc)

A

primitive groove (epiblast) cells form layer during gastrulation:
between bilaminar disc
invading hypoblast
remaining epiblast cells

33
Q

notocord

A

tube of cells under epiblast that are held together tightly; grows cranially; induces neural tube formation

34
Q

paraxial mesoderm
intermediate mesoderm
lateral plate mesoderm

A

3 segments of mesoderm cells migrating along notocord

35
Q

lateral plate mesoderm divisions

A 
somatic layer- dorsal
intraembryonic coelom (ventral body cavity)
splanchnic layer- dorsal
36
Q

neurulation

A

around day 18; notocord; thickened ectoderm–> neural plate forms neural folds and neural groove; forms neural tube w/ canal; occurs in both directions

37
Q

neural crest cells

A

ectoderm cells from neural folds; gives rise to ganglion, nerves, bony structures of face

38
Q

sirenomelia

sarcococcygeal teratoma

A

primitive streak degenerates prematurely

streak persists

39
Q

embryo folding

A

around week 4; entire embryo surrounded by ectoderm and amniotic cavity
yolk sac lines endoderm, some is pushed outside
connecting stalk is ventral at umbilicus
intraembryonic cavity is sep. from chorionic cavity

40
Q

somites

A

around day 20 for 2 weeks; balls of paraxial mesoderm on neural tube sides; each receives spinal nerve

41
Q

somitomeres

A

cranial somites; not distinct balls; form neurocranium (skull bones)

42
Q

sclerotomes
myotomes
dermatomes

A

3 segments of each somite
vertebrae
skeletal muscles
deep layer of skin

43
Q

sclerotome

A

resegmented; split by spinal nerve; vertebrae formed by cranial and caudal portion of 2 sclerotomes (C1-C7 nerves above vertebrae, all others emerge below)

44
Q

myotome

A

skeletal muscles; divide into dorsal (epimere) and ventral (hypomere) groups, innervated by dorsal and ventral rami

45
Q

limb bud

A

begins from somatopleure; covered by ectoderm and filled with somatic lateral plate mesoderm; grows via reciprocal induction between AER and adj mesoderm

46
Q

apical ectodermal ridge (AER)

A

thickened ectoderm at distal edge of limb bud

47
Q

limb growth stages

A

limb bud stage
paddle stage
ray stage (segmental apoptosis of AER)

48
Q

developmental components of limb

A 
neural crest --> melanocytes
somatic lateral plate meso--> CT
myotomes--> muslce
neural tube axons--> motor 
spinal ganglia axons--> sensory
49
Q

skeletal system overview

A

paraxial mesoderm- axial
lateral plate mesoderm- appendicular
neural crest in head- facial bones

50
Q

muscular system overview

A

paraxial mesoderm- most of skeletal muscles

visceral- most of smooth and cardiac muscles

51
Q

lacunar stage

A

implantation; during week 2

52
Q

neural canal

A

gives rise to central canal of spinal cord and ventricles of brain

Unit 1 Embryology (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions