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Biology U11 > Unit 1 GENETICS > Flashcards

Unit 1 GENETICS Flashcards

1
Q

Nucleotide

A

Basic building block of nucleic acid; made from nitrogen bases.

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2
Q

A,T,G,C

A

A:Adenine
T:Thymine
G: Guanine
C:Cytosine

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3
Q

Which Nucleonic acids bond with which

A

Adenine and Thymine
Guanine and Cytosine

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4
Q

3 Stages of a Cell Cycle

A

Interphase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis

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5
Q

Define CHROMATID

A

One side of a double stranded DNA Chromosone

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6
Q

Define SISTER CHROMATID

A

Two Chromatids Conjoined

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7
Q

Define CENTROMERE

A

What holds the Sister Chromatids Together

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8
Q

Define HOMOLOGOUS PAIRS

A

4 Chromosomes, 2 Pairs

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9
Q

Define ALLELE

A

Alternative form or version of a gene

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10
Q

Define CROSSING OVER

A

When Chromosomes of the same type are lined up and mixed

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11
Q

Define GAMETE

A

Reproductive Cell with Haploid amount of DNA

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12
Q

Define HAPLOID

A

N= Half

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13
Q

Define DIPLOID

A

2N= Full

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14
Q

Define SYNAPSIS

A

When a Tetrad is formed using 2 Homologous Pairs

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15
Q

Purpose of Meiosis

A

Genetic Reduction
Genetic Recombination

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16
Q

Turner Syndrome

A

XO
-Short
-Webbed Neck
-Sexually Underdeveloped

17
Q

Kleinfelter Syndrome

A

XXY
-Sexual Immaturity
-Breast Swelling

18
Q

Down Syndrome

A

Trisomy 21
-Intellectual Disabilities
-Abnormal Palm Creases
-Almond Shaped Eyes
-Flattened Face

19
Q

Law of Segregation

A

Law that states that traits are determined by pairs of alleles that separate during meiosis so that each gametes receives an allele

20
Q

Law of Independant Assortment

A

Law that states that during gamete formation, the 2 alleles of one gene separate during meiosis so each gamete receives one allele.

21
Q

Phenotype

A

Physical Trait

22
Q

Genotype

A

Genetic Trait

23
Q

Define EUPLOIDY

A

When a person has the normal amount of chromosones

Biology U11 (2 decks)

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