Unit 1: New Monarchies from 1450 to 1648

Question 1

Secularism

Answer 1

prompted new forms of government and civic institutions that made modern governing concepts

Question 2

New Monarchs

Answer 2

focused on creating a centralized government by monopolizing tax collection, employing military force, and pushing religious reform to gain religious control

Question 3

Henry VIII’s English Reformation

Answer 3

response to Church pushing him to divorce Catherine of Aragon

Question 4

Church Of England

Answer 4

created by Henry after dissolving monasteries and separating Catholic Church

Question 5

English Reformation Effect

Answer 5

allowed for Protestant Ideals to spread across Europe

Question 6

Nobility and Clergy after 100 Years War and Great Schism

Answer 6

no longer could block power of growing monarchies

Question 7

Shift in Royal “court”

Answer 7

business people became king’s lawyers, diplomats, and military tacticians

Question 8

Court Shift Effect

Answer 8

broke bonds of feudal society, made monarchial expansion possible due to new connection between king and people

Question 9

Monarchies and Cavalry

Answer 9

replaced with infantry and artillery

Question 10

Charles VII of France

Answer 10

created permanent professional army

Question 11

Spain in 1469

Answer 11

Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castille married to unify Spain

Question 12

Spanish Conquests

Answer 12

Granada, Naples, kingdom of Navarre

Question 13

Spanish Religion

Answer 13

initially held all Abrahamic religions, but made Christian

Question 14

Spanish Overseas Exploration

Answer 14

partnered with Columbus to create empire in Mexico and Peru with gold/silver mines to boost Spanish economy

Question 15

Spanish Inquisition

Answer 15

tribunal established by Ferdinand and Isabella to push Catholic orthodoxy across Spain

Question 16

Concordat of Bologna

Answer 16

treaty singed by emperor of Rome, Charles V, and Pope Leo to connect church and state in the region

Question 17

Peace of Augsburg

Answer 17

treaty that ended war between Holy Roman empire and Protestant States (Habsburg Valois Wars)

Question 18

Edict of Nantes

Answer 18

decree from Henry IV of France that granted religious freedom to Huguenots to end French religious wars

Question 19

Huguenots

Answer 19

French Protestants