unit 1 outcome 1 - skeletal system

Question 1

superior

Answer 1

• closer to the head

Question 2

inferior

Answer 2

• closer to the bottom

Question 3

lateral

Answer 3

• away from the midline of the body

Question 4

medial

Answer 4

• closer to the midline of the body

Question 5

proximal

Answer 5

• closer to the attachment

Question 6

distal

Answer 6

• further away from the attachment

Question 7

anterior

Answer 7

• front of body

Question 8

posterior

Answer 8

• rear of body

Question 9

sagittal plane ( median)

Answer 9

• split the midline to left and right

Question 10

transerve plane ( horizontal)

Answer 10

divides into superior and inferior

Question 11

frontal plane

Answer 11

divides our body into front and back

Question 12

what is the role of the skeletal system?

Answer 12

• body movement
• framework and protection
• mineral storage
• production of red blood cell

Question 13

how many bones are in the body?

Answer 13

• over 200

Question 14

what does the vertebral column do?

Answer 14

provides the body with its central structure for maintenance of good posture

Question 15

what are the 5 sections of the spine ?

Answer 15

• cervical (neck)
• thoracic ( protect heart and lungs)
• lumbar (lower back)
• sacrum
• coccyx

Question 16

what makes up the shoulder?

Answer 16

• clavicle
• ## scapula

Question 17

types of bones- short bones

Answer 17

• cube like shape e.g. tarsals

Question 18

types of bones- long bones

Answer 18

• more long then wide e.g. humorous

Question 19

types of bones- flat

Answer 19

have large flat surfaces for muscle attachment e.g. scapular

Question 20

types of bones- sesamoid

Answer 20

small bones deveoples within tendon e.g. petalla

Question 21

types of bones- irregular

Answer 21

have no shape characteristics e.g. vertebrae

Question 22

what are joints ?

Answer 22

are the intersection of two or more bones

Question 23

what are fibrous joints?

Answer 23

are immovable or fixed e.g. skull

Question 24

what are cartilaginous joints?

Answer 24

are slightly movable and are joined by cartilage e.g. vertebrae

Question 25

what are synovial joints?

Answer 25

offer a full range of movement and move freely in at least one direction e.g. knee

Question 26

type of synovial joint- gliding

Answer 26

where flat bones are able to glide past each other e.g. carples

Question 27

type of synovial joint- saddle

Answer 27

• concave convex surfaces
• allow side to side
• back and forth
• small rotation
• flexion, extension, adduction , abduction and circumduction e.g. thumb

Question 28

type of synovial joint- condyloid

Answer 28

• junction of 2 bones which allow movement in all but axial direction
• flexion, extension, adduction , abduction and circumduction
• e.g. wrist

Question 29

type of synovial joint- hinge

Answer 29

• have articular surfaces that are moulded to each other to permit motion in only one plane
• only allow flexion and extension
  e. g. knee and elbow

Question 30

type of synovial joint- ball and socket

Answer 30

occurs when the rounded bone lies within a socket

• allows for multidirectional movement e.g. flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, internal and external rotation
  e. g. hip and shoulder

Question 31

type of synovial joint- pivot

Answer 31

occurs when the cylinder of one bone fits into a corresponding cavity on the other

• allows rotation of one bone
• e.g. vertebrae 1 and 2

Question 32

flexion

extension

Answer 32

• decreasing the angle of the joint (bend)

- increasing the angle of the joint (straighten)

Question 33

plantarflextion

dorsiflextion

Answer 33

• increasing the angle of the ankle joint

- decreasing the angle of the ankle joint (point toe up)

Question 34

elevation

depression

Answer 34

• move body in a superior direction

- move body in a inferior direction

Question 35

eversion

inversion

Answer 35

• rotating ankle so that the sole points away from the other sole
• rotating the ankle so the sole is facing the other

Question 36

abduction

adduction

Answer 36

• moving a limb away from the centre line

- moving a limb towards the centre line

Question 37

lateral roation

medial rotation

Answer 37

• rotate a limb away from the midline

- rotate a limb towards a midline

Question 38

pronation

supernation

Answer 38

• rotating the forearm so that the palm is facing down

- rotating the forearm so the palm faces up