UNIT 1 - PRINCIPLES OF CHEMISTRY Flashcards
what is a solute
the substance that dissolves
what is the solvent
the substance that is being dissolved in
what is the solution
the mixture of the solute and solvent
what does the term saturated mean
when no more solute can dissolve in a solution
in what unit is solubility measured in
grams per 100g of water
what happens to the mass of a substance when it dissolves
it stays the same
what is diffusion
the movement of particles from a high to low concentration gradient
what is the kinetic theory of matter
the idea that all substances contain incredibly small moving particles
describe the particles in a solid
particles are close and arranged in a regular pattern; they can only vibrate about fixed positions
describe the particles in a liquid
particles are not in a regular arrangement; they have more energy and can slide over eachother
describe the particles in a gas
particles are far apart and move fast and randomly in all the space they can find
what is the melting point
the temperature at which a solid melts
what is the boiling point
the temperature at which a liquid boils
what happens to the particles of a liquid as it cools down
they contract and shrink
what happens to the particles of a liquid as it freezes
they expand
