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ECS > Unit 1 Vocab > Flashcards

Unit 1 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Hardware

A

The collection of physical parts of a computer system

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2
Q

Computer

A

An electronic device to storing and processing data, typically in binary form, according to instruction given to it in a variable program.

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3
Q

Memory

A

Any physical device capable of storing information temporarily or permanently.

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4
Q

Storage

A

A technology consisting of computer components and recording media used to retain digital data

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5
Q

Peripheral device

A

Any device such as a computer mouse or keyboard that connects to and works with the computer in some way

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6
Q

Input device

A

Used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system

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7
Q

Output device

A

Any device used to send data from a computer to another device or user

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8
Q

Processing device

A

Any device in a computer that handles this intermediate stage

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9
Q

Storage device

A

Any computing hardware that is used for storing, porting and extracting data files and objects

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10
Q

CPU

A

Abbreviation for central processing unit

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11
Q

Core

A

The processing unit which receives instructions and performs calculations, or actions, based on those instructions

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12
Q

Celeron core

A

The low end member of the microprocessor s

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13
Q

i3 core

A

A family of duo core CPUs from Intel

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14
Q

i5 core

A

A family of duo and quad core

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15
Q

i7 core

A

Name Intel uses for the computer processor it makes

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16
Q

Optical drive

A

Type of computer disk drive that reads and writes data from optical disks through laser beaming technology

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17
Q

Router

A

A networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks

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18
Q

Server

A

A software program, or the computer on which that program runs, that provides a specific kind of service to client software running on the same computer or other computers on a network

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19
Q

Modem

A

A device or program that enables a computer to transmit data over

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20
Q

Operating system

A

System software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs

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21
Q

Application software

A

Can be divided into two general classes: system software and applications software

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22
Q

Internet

A

A massive network of networks

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23
Q

World Wide Web

A

A network of online content that is formatted in HTML and accessed via HTTP

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24
Q

Web 2.0

A

Second stage of development of the World Wide Map

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25
Q

Network

A

A set of computers connected together for the purpose of sharing resources

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26
Q

HTTP

A

HyperText Transfer Protocol

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27
Q

HTML

A

Hypertext Markup Language

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28
Q

Active X

A

A software framework created by Microsoft that adapts its earlier Component Object Model (COM) and Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) technologies for content downloaded from a network, particularly from the World Wide Web

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29
Q

Cookie

A

A small text file (up to 4KB) created by a website that is stored in the user’s computer either temporarily for that session only or permanently on the hard disk

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30
Q

Home page

A

A document that serves as a starting point on a Web site

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31
Q

Pop up ads

A

Ads that show up in front of the main window

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32
Q

Collaborative sites

A

Web collaboration techniques include phone/text chat and remote multiuser conferences/seminars via intranet or phone systems

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33
Q

Digital literacy

A

The ability to use digital technology, communication tools or networks to locate, evaluate, use and create information

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34
Q

Search engine

A

computer software used to search data (such as text or a database) for specified information

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35
Q

Web browser

A

software application for retrieving, presenting and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web

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36
Q

Boolean operator

A

There are five Boolean operators that can be used to manipulate TRUE/FALSE values

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37
Q

Ranking based search engine

A

Search engine ranking refers to the position at which a particular site appears in the results of a search engine query

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38
Q

Links list website

A

an icon, graphic, or text in a document that links to another file or object

39
Q

Keyword

A

A word used in a text search

40
Q

E communication

A

electronic communication

41
Q

Real time communication

A

a term used to refer to any live telecommunications that occur without transmission delays

42
Q

VOIP

A

Voice over Internet Protocol

43
Q

SMS

A

Shot message service

44
Q

IMS

A

Instant message service

45
Q

MMS

A

Multimedia message service

46
Q

Email

A

messages distributed by electronic means from one computer user to one or more recipients via a network

47
Q

Username

A

an identification used by a person with access to a computer, network, or online service

48
Q

ISP

A

International service provider

49
Q

Domain

A

A group of computers and devices on a network that are administered as a unit with common rules and procedures

50
Q

CC

A

a copy of a note sent to an addressee other than the main addressee

51
Q

BCC

A

blind carbon copy

52
Q

Attachment

A

a file sent with an e-mail message

53
Q

Spam

A

unsolicited junk email sent indiscriminately in bulk

54
Q

Troll

A

a person who sows discord on the Internet by starting quarrels or upsetting people, by posting inflammatory, extraneous, or off-topic messages in an online community

55
Q

Social engineering

A

an attack vector that relies heavily on human interaction and often involves tricking people into breaking normal security procedures

56
Q

Netiquette

A

etiquette on the Internet

57
Q

URL

A

abbreviation of Uniform Resource Locator

58
Q

Data

A

facts or figures, or information that’s stored in or used by a computer

59
Q

Aggregate

A

To gather, collect or assemble

60
Q

Aggregate data

A

to gather separate sets of data

61
Q

Discovery data

A

any process in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case

62
Q

Inference/conclusion

A

Inferences are steps in reasoning, moving from premises to conclusions

63
Q

Social Media

A

Websites and applications that enable users to create and share content or to participate in social networking

64
Q

Permanence of online data

A

Nothing you do online is private and anything you put on social media (even if you delete it) could still exist forever and can never be completely erased

65
Q

Appropriate methods of communication

A

When communicating with others, consider the best way to deliver the message (texting, e-mail, social media, in person)

66
Q

Online safety

A

Exercising caution and consciousness of personal data that is shared online

67
Q

Computational practices

A

Analyze the effects of developments in computing
Design and implement creative solutions and artifacts
Apply abstractions and models
Analyze their computational work and the work of others
Communicate computational thought processes, procedures, and results to others
Collaborate with peers on computing activities

68
Q

Computational thinking

A

is the thought processes involved in formulating a problem and expressing its solution(s) in such a way that a computer—human or machine—can effectively carry out

69
Q

Troubleshooting

A

Trace and correct errors in a software program

70
Q

Problem solving techniques and steps

A

Understand the problem
Plan the solution
Carry out the plan
Review and Reflect on your solution

71
Q

Algorithm

A

A set of steps to solve a problem

72
Q

Quick sort

A

One of the many ways of sorting data that is more efficient than most.

73
Q

Selction sort

A

A way of sorting data that is not as efficient as others (such as quick sort).

74
Q

Ways of visualizing data (diagrams, charts, graphs, tables)

A

Create artifacts when carrying out the problem-solving process.

75
Q

Minimal spanning tree

A

The shortest path between all the locations in a network

76
Q

real world applications for minimal spanning trees

A 
Package Delivery Routes
Computer Networks
Computer Chip circuitry 
Airlines 
Pipes (water and sewer lines)
Electrical Grids
77
Q

binary systems

A

Base 2 counting system. Consisting of 1’s and 0’s. On and off pulses

78
Q

Binary pattern to count from 0-31

Write the binary version of: 3, 11, 23, 31 below:

A 
00000011 = 3
00001011 = 11
00010111 = 23
00011111 = 31
79
Q

Binary search

A

Divide the data in half, eliminate the half that does NOT contain what you’re looking for. Divide the data in half again, and eliminate the half that doesn’t contain the item. Repeat until you find what you’re looking for. Data must be sorted first!

80
Q

linear search

A

Look at each item one by one, in order, until you find what you’re looking for. Does not require sorting

81
Q

storyboard

A

Before beginning a project in Scratch, make a plan that identifies program components and design elements.

82
Q

sprite

A

An object in the Scratch program that is manipulated by blocks with

83
Q

loops

A

Repeating a task for a specified amount of times Execute an algorithm (one or more scripts) a certain number of times

84
Q

broadcast

A

Sends a message to all the sprites (and the background). This is useful if you want to tell other sprites when to do something.

85
Q

x and y coordinates for movement

A

Move the sprite to a specific x and y position on the stage.

86
Q

events

A

Something has to happen, such as the green flag being clicked, to start a strand of code

87
Q

motion blocks

A

Tells the sprite to move a certain way. Move 10 steps just moves in the direction the sprite is facing. Go to X: Y: tells an exact coordinate for the sprite to go to. Glide 1 second to X: Y: tells the exact coordinates for the sprite to go to, but it glides to that point instead of appearing (teleporting). Turn 15 degrees will rotate the sprite a certain number of degrees left or right, depending on the block.

88
Q

looks

A

A category of blocks in Scratch that change the “look” of a sprite or make have it say or think something

89
Q

conditionals

A

If condition is true, runs the blocks inside

90
Q

wait

A

Tells the sprite to wait X number of seconds to do the next block of code.

91
Q

variables

A

A named storage location in the computer’s memory. The value stored in a variable can change.

92
Q

randomness

A

Picks a random integer within the specified range

93
Q

ethical responsibility

A

A user’s duty to act in a legal manner

ECS (1 decks)

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