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Public Health > UNIT 10: CHAPTER 18 > Flashcards

UNIT 10: CHAPTER 18 Flashcards

1
Q

Anything that we eat, and which nourishes our body

A

Food

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2
Q

It is essential because it contains substamces which perform important functions in our body.

A

Food

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3
Q

What are the two important features for any item to be called food?

A
  1. It should be worth eating, that is, it should be edible.

2. It must nourish the body.

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4
Q

Unit of measurement that counts the energy contained in food

A

Calorie

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5
Q

The three functions of food

A
  1. Social Function
  2. Psychological Function
  3. Physiological Function
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6
Q

Four Physiological Function

A
  1. Energy Giving
  2. Growth
  3. Strength
  4. Regulatory
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7
Q

It a process of consuming foods, digesting and absorbing nutrients and using these nutrients for growth, development and maintenance of a healthy life

A

Nutrition

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8
Q

Provision if adequate energy and nutrients to the cells to enable them to perform their physiological function.

A

Nutrition

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9
Q

Process of Nutrition

A

Eating ➡️ Digestion ➡️ Absoption ➡️Transporation ➡️ Utilization

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10
Q

Chemical substances present in food and are responsible for nourishing the body.

A

Nutrients

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11
Q

Two Types of Nutrients

A
  • Macronutrients

* Micronutrients

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12
Q

Presenr in large quantities in foods and are alsi required large amounts by the body

A

Macronutrients

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13
Q

Macronutrients composed of ?

A
  1. Carbohydrates
  2. Protens
  3. Fats and Oils
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14
Q

Compose of small chains of sugar ehich the digestive body breaks down into glucose to use as the body’s primarily energy source

A

Carbohydrates

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15
Q

Percentage of Carbohydrates in a diet

A

45-64%

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16
Q

1 gram of carbohydrate give how many kcal of energy

A

4kcal

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17
Q

3 Types of Carbohydrates

A
  • Monosaccharide
  • Disaccharide
  • Polysaccharide
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18
Q

Examples if monosaccharides:

A

Glucose, galactose, fructose

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19
Q

Examples if disaccharides

A

Sucrose, maltose, lactose

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20
Q

Examples if Polysaccharides

A

starch, glycogen, chitin, cellulose

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21
Q

Buildup, maintain and replace tissue

A

Protein

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22
Q

Protein breakdown into polypeptides and individual unit is called

A

Amino acids

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23
Q

9 essential Amino acids

A 
Histidine
Isoleucine
Leucine
Lysine
Methionine
Phenylalanine
Threonine
Tryptophan
Valine
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24
Q

Is a unique amino acid because it is inly required during infancy

A

Histidine

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25
Q

Adults should get how many percent of caloried from protein

A

10-35%

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26
Q

Needed for growth, maintenance and repair of tissues

A

Protein

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27
Q

Necessary for production if enzymes, hormones, antibodies, hemoglobin, etc.

A

Protein

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28
Q

Help in clotting of bLood

A

Protein

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29
Q

Provide energy if necessary

A

Protein

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30
Q

made up of small units called fatty acids

A

Fats

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31
Q

Densest source of energy in the diet

A

Fats

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32
Q

Support the absorption if fat soluble vitamins, cushion organs and act as largest form of energy storage

A

Fat

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33
Q

Helps the brain and nervous system to develop

A

Fats

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34
Q

1 gram of fats give how many kcal of energy

A

9 kcal

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35
Q

Types of fats

A

Saturated, Unsaturated, Trans Fats

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36
Q

Types of fats that are solid at temperature and its chemical formula is a single bond

A

Saturated

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37
Q

Types of fats that are liquid at temperature and its chemical formula is a double bond

A

Unsaturated

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38
Q

Found in meat, milk, cheese, coconut oil

A

Saturated fats

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39
Q

Found in plants food and fish

A

Unsaturated

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40
Q

Types of fats the is good for the heart

A

Unsaturated fats

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41
Q

Found in margarine, snack foods, baked foods

A

Trans Fats

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42
Q

Also known for a hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated

A

Transfats

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43
Q

could raised the LDL cholesterol and lower the the HDL cholesterol

A

Trans Fats

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44
Q

present in small quantities in foods but are essential for our body

A

Micronutrients

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45
Q

Not produced by the body thus muust he obtain from food

A

Micronutrients

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46
Q

Organic nutrients that are essential for life

A

Vitamins

47
Q

Word vitamins came crom the word

A

“Vitamine”

48
Q

What are the fat soluble vitamins?

A

A
D
E
K

49
Q

What are the Water soluble vitamins?

A 
B1
B2
B3
B5
B6
B7
B9
B12
C
Choline
50
Q

Cheminal name and year of discover of VITAMIN A

A

Retinol, 1913

51
Q

Cheminal name and year of discover of VITAMIN D

A

Calciferol, 1922

52
Q

Cheminal name and year of discover of VITAMIN E

A

Tocopherol, 1922

53
Q

Cheminal name and year of discover of VITAMIN K

A

Phylloquinone, 1929

54
Q

Cheminal name and year of discover of VITAMIN B1

A

Thiamin, 1897

55
Q

Cheminal name and year of discover of VITAMIN B2

A

Riboflavin, 1922

56
Q

Cheminal name and year of discover of VITAMIN B3

A

Niacin, 1936

57
Q

Cheminal name and year of discover of VITAMIN B5

A

Pantothenic Acid, 1931

58
Q

Cheminal name and year of discover of VITAMIN B6

A

Pyridoxine, 1934

59
Q

Cheminal name and year of discover of VITAMIN B7

A

Biotin, 1931

60
Q

Cheminal name and year of discover of VITAMIN B9

A

Folic Acid, 1941

61
Q

Cheminal name and year of discover of VITAMIN B12

A

Cobalamin, 1926

62
Q

Cheminal name and year of discover of VITAMIN C

A

Ascorbic Acid, 1928

63
Q

Cheminal name and year of discover of VITAMIN CHOLINE

A

choline, 1862

64
Q

What Vitamins is associated body functions of Eyes, Immune system, skin, gene, growth

A

Vitamin A

65
Q

What Vitamins is associated body functions of Skin, intestine, kidneys,and bones

A

Vitamin D

66
Q

What Vitamins is associated body functions of Antioxidanr, blood cells, and thar are stored in liver

A

VITAMIN E

67
Q

What Vitamin responsible for blood clotting

A

Vitamin K

68
Q

What Vitamin is associated body functions of energy metabolism, nerve and muscle activity

A

Vitamin B1

69
Q

What Vitamin is associated body functions of energy metabolism, growth and reproduction, vision

A

Vitamin B2

70
Q

What Vitamin is associated body functions of Energy Metabolism and neurological processes

A

Vitamin B3

71
Q

What Vitamin is associated body functions of skin and hair m, wound healing, blood lipid profile

A

Vitamin B5

72
Q

What Vitamin is associated body functions of Nerve activity, blood formation, DNA

A

Vitamin B6

73
Q

What Vitamin is associated body functions of hairs, nails, skin

A

Vitamin B7

74
Q

What Vitamin is associated body functions of DNA synthesis

A

Vitamin B9

75
Q

What Vitamin is associated body functions of Nerve activity, neurotransmitters

A

Vitamin B12

76
Q

What Vitamin is associated body functions of antioxidant, iron absorption, immune system

A

Vitamin C

77
Q

What Vitamin is associated body functions of nerve activity, gene expression

A

Choline

78
Q

An element that originates in the earth and always retain its chemical Identity

A

Minerals

79
Q

occurs as inorganic crystalline salts

A

Minerals

80
Q

Once minerals enter the body, they remain yhere untik excreted, cannot be change into anything else and cannot be destroyed by heat, air, acid or mixing

A

Minerals

81
Q

What are the Macrominerals

A

Calcium, 1808
Magnesium, 1755
Phosphorus, 1669
Potassium, 1807

82
Q

What are the trace minerals?

A 
Chronium,1798
Copper, 900 BC
Fluoride, 1886
Iodine, 1811
Iron, 5000 BC 
Selenium, 1817
Zinc, 1746
83
Q

What mineral is associated body functions of bones and teeth

A

Calcium, Ca

84
Q

What mineral is associated body functions of bones and enery metabolism?

A

Magnesium, Mg

85
Q

What mineral is associated body functions of bones, teeth, energy metabolism and genes

A

Phosphorus, P

86
Q

What mineral is associated body functions of nerve and muscle activity, blood pressure

A

Potassium, K

87
Q

What mineral is associated body functions Metabolizing starches and fat, insulin activity

A

Chromium, Cr

88
Q

What mineral is associated body functions energy metabolism, blood formation

A

Copper, Cu

89
Q

What mineral is associated body functions teeth and bone?

A

fluoride, F

90
Q

What mineral is associated body functions thyroid function

A

Iodine, I

91
Q

What mineral is associated body functions blood production

A

Iron, Fe

92
Q

What mineral is associated body functions antioxidant

A

Selenium, Se

93
Q

What mineral is associated body functions gene expression, immune function

A

Zinc, Zn

94
Q

Focuses on the promotion of good health through nutrition and the primary prevention of nutrition related illness in the population

A

Publich Health Nutrition

95
Q

The science of art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health through the medium and nutrition

A

Public health Nutrition

96
Q

Refers to defiencies, excesses or imbalances in a person’s intake of energy and/or Nutrients

A

Malnutrition

97
Q

gravest single threat to global public health

A

Malnutrition

98
Q

Low height for age

A

Stunting

99
Q

Low weight for heigh

A

wasting

100
Q

low weight for age

A

underweight

101
Q

Two broad groups of malnutrition

A

Undernutrition, and overnutrition

102
Q

Diet related non communicable disease

A

Overnutrition

103
Q

Micronutrient deficiencies or insuffiemces

A

Undernutrition

104
Q

the state of body in relation to nutrition

A

Nutritional Status

105
Q

True or False

Dietary intake is separate from nutritional status

A

True

106
Q

Types of Malnutrition

A

Undernutrition
Overnutrition
Co-existence of undernutrition and overnutrition
Chronic and acute malnutrition

107
Q

lack of essential vitamins and minerals required in a small amounts bybthe bidy for proper growth and development

A

Macronutrient deficiency

108
Q

Secondary to malnutrition remains a significant cause of neurodevelopmental disorders worldwide

A

Micronutrient Deficiency

109
Q

child is thin: she/ he has lost fats and muscles mass

A

wasting

110
Q

child is short in stature; did not grow in length/ height has he/she should have

A

stunting

111
Q

she/he weighs less that she/he should

A

underweight

112
Q

Usualky due to recent lack of food illness that prevents the child frik eating or absorbing nutrients of foods

A

wasting

113
Q

Long term process, often starting in utero which is due to the mother’s malnutrition

A

stunting

114
Q

due to excessive energy intake and lack of physical activity

A

Overweight and obesity

Public Health (4 decks)

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