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KIN 120 > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is stress?

A

the overall physical and emotional responses to a stimulus that disturbs homeostasis

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2
Q

What is a stressor?

A

any physical or psychological event or condition that produces stress

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3
Q

What is a stress response?

A

the physiological changes associated with stress

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4
Q

What is the recipe for stress?

A
  1. Novelty
  2. Unpredictability
  3. Threat to ego
  4. Feeling of loss of control
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5
Q

What are the types of stress?

A

environmental, physiological, emotional

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6
Q

What are the stress categories?

A

acute –> episodic –> chronic

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7
Q

What is eustress?

A

stress that is beneficial to performance

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8
Q

What is distress?

A

stress that negatively impacts performance and activity

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9
Q

What is general adaptation syndrome?

A

the process the body goes through in response to stress

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10
Q

What are the stages of general adaptation syndrome?

A
  1. alarm (prepare for fight or flight)
  2. resistance/adaptation (resistance to stress)
  3. exhaustion (inability to cope)
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11
Q

What are the characteristics of personality type A?

A

ultracompetitive, controlling, impatient, aggressive, hostile

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12
Q

What are the characteristics of personality type B?

A

relaxed, contemplative, tolerant of others

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13
Q

What are the characteristics of personality type C?

A

difficulty expressing emotions, anger suppression, feelings of hopelessness and despair

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14
Q

What does it mean to be hardy?

A

committed to activities, sense of inner purpose, inner locus of control

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15
Q

What is an individual zone of optimal functioning?

A

the levels of emotional arousal that lead to peak performance of an individual

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16
Q

What is the main role of the hypothalamus?

A

control and coordination centre, maintains homeostasis (temp, hunger/thirst, BP, mood, sex drive, sleep, etc)

17
Q

What is the role of the pituitary gland?

A

secretes hormones such as hGH, TSH, and reproductive hormones

18
Q

What is the role of the adrenal cortex?

A

secretes cortisol and corticoids

19
Q

What is the role of the adrenal medulla?

A

secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine

20
Q

What is SAM?

A

sympathetic-adrenal-medullary axis

21
Q

What is HPA?

A

hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis

22
Q

How does SAM contribute to fight or flight?

A

activates the SNS using ACh, which activates smooth muscle and the adrenal medulla

23
Q

How does HPA contribute to fight or flight response?

A

triggers the pituitary gland to secrete ATCH, activates adrenal cortex to release hormones

24
Q

What are the effects of long term exposure to catecholamines?

A

hypertension, CVD, vascular disease, adrenal medulla tumours

25
Q

What are the acute effects of cortisol?

A

increased vigilance, priority on response to emotion instead of thoughts, raises blood glucose, inhibits insulin, increased psychomotor activity

26
Q

What are the effects of long term cortisol exposure?

A

increased appetite, blood sugar, fat stores, salt retention, thinning of skin, calcium loss, muscle loss, insomnia, everything bad

27
Q

How does cortisol affect other hormones?

A

deletes dopamine, reduces norepinephrine, lowers serotonin, exacerbates anxiety

28
Q

What is allostatic load?

A

the wear and tear on the body from spending long periods of time in fight or flight

29
Q

What are the two main responses to stress?

A

emotional and cognitive

30
Q

What is an unhealthy response to stress?

A

avoidance

31
Q

What kind of behaviour is avoidance?

A

maladaptive behaviour, wherein behaviour changes to avoid emotions

32
Q

What is coping?

A

changing cognitive and behavioural efforts to manage demands that are taxing

33
Q

What is emotion focused coping?

A

actions taken to mitigate the negative emotions associated with a stressor

34
Q

What are examples of positive coping?

A

positive reappraisal, distancing, self-control, accepting responsibility, seeking social support

35
Q

What is problem focused coping?

A

action targeting the cause of the stress

KIN 120 (6 decks)

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