Unit 2

Question 1

4 major types of tissues

Answer 1

epithelial
connective
muscle
nervous

Question 2

what are epithelial tissues attached to

Answer 2

attached to underlying connective tissue at the basement membrane

Question 3

simple squamous

Answer 3

form: flat and thin, single layer
function: diffusion and filtration
found in air sacs of the lungs, capillaries

Question 4

simple cuboidal

Answer 4

form: single layer, cube-shaped cells
function: secretion and absorption
found in the lining of kidney tubules, covering surface of ovaries

Question 5

simple columnar

Answer 5

form: single layer, long cells
function: secretion and absorption
found in the digestive tract and uterus
contains scattered goblet cells to secret mucus
microvilli increase surface area

Question 6

stratified squamous

Answer 6

form: multi-layered, squamous cells
function: protection, lines body cavities
found in skin and mouth

Question 7

what protein hold the tissues together

Answer 7

collagen

Question 8

pseudostratified columnar

Answer 8

form: appear stratified but really a single layer with nuclei at various levels giving the appearance of layered cells
- can have cilia and goblet cells that secrete mucus
function: secretion and cilia-aided movement
location: lining air passages like the trachea, tubes of the reproductive system

Question 9

transitional epithelium

Answer 9

form: thick, layered cuboidal cells
function: stretchable tissues, also forms barrier to block diffusion
found in the urinary bladder

Question 10

glandular epithelium

Answer 10

function: cells specialized to secrete substances
contains: exocrine glands (salivary, sweat) and endocrine glands (hormones)

Question 11

3 common types of connective tissue cells

Answer 11

mast cells
macrophages
fibroblasts

Question 12

mast cells function

Answer 12

prevents clots

Question 13

macrophages function

Answer 13

consumers

Question 14

fibroblasts function

Answer 14

produces fiber

Question 15

main types of fibers

Answer 15

collagenous fibers
elastic fibers

Question 16

location of collagenous fibers

Answer 16

bones, ligaments, tendons

Question 17

location of elastic fibers

Answer 17

ears, vocal cords

Question 18

function of loose connective tissues or areolar tissue

Answer 18

connective tissue that binds skin to underlying organs and organs to organs

Question 19

function of adipose tissue

Answer 19

connective tissue that acts as a protective cushion, insulates the body, stores energy

fat

Question 20

function of fibrous connective tissue

Answer 20

thick collagenous fibers and elastic fibers
tendons = connect muscles to bones
ligaments = connect bones to bones

Question 21

cartilage, and its types

Answer 21

type of connective tissue

hyaline cartilage = covers ends of joints, nose and respiratory passages, serves as padding

elastic cartilage = external ear and larynx

fibrocartilage = tough, shock absorbing, between vertebrae

Question 22

types of muscle tissue

Answer 22

a type of connective tissue

skeletal, smooth, cardiac

Question 23

where is smooth muscle tissue found

Answer 23

in hollow organs, stomach

Question 24

where is nerve tissue found

Answer 24

type of connective tissue found in brain, spinal cord, nerves

Question 25

3 main layers of skin

Answer 25

epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

Question 26

2 main cells found in the epidermis

Answer 26

keratinocytes, melanocytes

Question 27

melanin

Answer 27

pigment in skin cells

Question 28

how does melanin protect cells

Answer 28

reduces the amount of UV rays that reach the nucleus and DNA inside

Question 29

how does sunlight cause tanning

Answer 29

melanin production increases to protect your cells