Unit 2 Flashcards
What is a hydrocarbon?
A compound containing carbon and hydrogen only
What is combustion?
The reaction of a fuel with oxygen releasing energy
If the air supply is limited when burning an alkane, what would it give off? (Incomplete combustion)
Carbon monoxide and carbon
What does the complete combustion of alkanes give off?
Water and Carbon dioxide (H²O and CO²)
What is an exothermic reaction?
A reaction in which heat energy is given out
What does it mean when hydrocarbons are called ‘saturated’?
The carbon atoms are joined by single carbon to carbon bonds
1.Are alkanes soluble in water?2.Do they decolourise bromine solution?
1.No
2. They will only decolourise bromine solution if left standing in direct sunlight or strong light for several minutes
What is the general formula for Alkanes?
CnH²n+²
Why do larger alkanes have a higher boiling point?
The general increase in the boiling points of alkanes is due to the increasing strength of intermolecular forces as the size of the molecules increases. The stronger the forces, the more energy is needed to separate the molecules.
What is a homologous series?
A family of compounds which have similar chemical properties and show a gradual change in physical properties and can be represented by the same general formula
What is an isomer?
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae
What is the general formula for cycloalkanes?
CnH²n
What does it mean for a hydrocarbon to be unsaturated?
They contain a carbon to carbon double bond
What is the general formula of Alkenes?
CnH²n
What is an addition reaction?
One of the bonds of the carbon to carbon double bond is broken and new atoms (or groups) join to the carbon chain
