Unit 2/3 Anatomy

Question 1

What are the two layers of the dermis?

Answer 1

papillary(superficial): forms fingerprints
reticular(deep): provides strength

Question 2

What is the cuticle of a hair?

Answer 2

Outer layer, sheets of hard keratin

Question 3

What are the 5 layers of the epidermis, in order?

Answer 3

Stratum comeum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

Question 4

What is a nail’s eponychium?

Answer 4

Cuticle

Question 5

What are merocrine glands?

Answer 5

release sweat (mostly water)

Question 6

What are mammary glands?

Answer 6

Milk producing in female breast tissue

Question 7

What are ceruminous glands?

Answer 7

secrete earwax into ear canal

Question 8

What is the arrector pili?

Answer 8

Muscle contracts hair

Question 9

What parts of the body have the most melanin?

Answer 9

moles, freckles, and age spots

Question 10

What causes a callus?

Answer 10

Fricition

Question 11

Why does skin appear blue?

Answer 11

Cyanosis, lack of oxygen

Question 12

Why does skin appear red?

Answer 12

high blood flow due to heat

Question 12

Why does skin appear yellow?

Answer 12

Jaundice from liver damage

Question 13

Why does skin appear red?

Answer 13

High blood flow due to heat

Question 14

Why does skin appear pale?

Answer 14

blood flow away from the surface

Question 15

What happens to the epidermis with age?

Answer 15

The epidermis thins: injury and infections

Question 16

What happens to perspiration with age?

Answer 16

less sweating leads to overheating

Question 16

What happens to melanin in the hair with age?

Answer 16

Melanin in hair decreases white hair

Question 17

What happens to sebum production with age?

Answer 17

Dry skin

Question 18

What happens to healing time of the skin with age?

Answer 18

Skin heals more slowly

Question 19

What are the 6 functions of the integument?

Answer 19

Protects body,
excretion of salts, water, and waste
body temp
forms vitamin D
stores lipids

Question 20

What are the 4 steps for skin repair?

Answer 20

Step 1: bleeding triggers infammatory response
Step 2: Scab or blood clot forms
Step 3: new epidermis formed under the sun
Step 4: Scab falls off, skin is repaired

Question 21

What are the functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 21

Support: rigid and bears weight
Protection: protects organs
Movement: pulled on by muscles
Storage: excess minerals
Blood and cell production: bone marrow

Question 22

What is a ligament?

Answer 22

Attach bone to bone

Question 23

What is a tendon?

Answer 23

Attach muscle to bone

Question 24

What is appositional growth?

Answer 24

Bone Growth, circumference

Question 25

Give an example of a long bone.

Answer 25

Femur

Question 26

What is the epiphyseal plate?

Answer 26

between diaphysis and epipysis
site of bone elongation
after growth becomes the spiphyseal line

Question 27

What is ossification?

Answer 27

The process of bone formation

Question 28

What are fontanels?

Answer 28

Soft, cartilaginous spots between skull bones for fitting through the birth canal.

Question 29

What is the difference between compact bone and cancellous bone?

Answer 29

Cancellous bone has a web called trabeculae and bone marrow in between. Compact bone is at t
he center Haversian canals with vessels and surrounded by blood cells.

Question 30

How many bones are in the human body?

Answer 30

206 bones in the body

Question 31

What is the order of the 5 types of bones in the spine, from top to bottom?

Answer 31

Cervical vertebrae, Thoracic vertebrae, Lumbar vertebrae, Sacrum(in pelvis) and Cocyx (tail bone)

Question 32

How many pairs of ribs do people have?

Answer 32

12 ribs

Question 33

How many pairs of true ribs?

Answer 33

7 ribs

Question 34

How many pairs of false ribs?

Answer 34

5 ribs