Unit 2: Eukaryotic Membrane-Enclosed Components

Question 1

what is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Answer 1

network of membrane tube within the cytoplasm

Question 2

types of ER?

Answer 2

1. Rough ER (contains ribosomes)
2. Smooth ER (no ribosomes)

Question 3

Rough ER functions

Answer 3

packaging of newly synthesized proteins

Question 4

Smooth ER functions

Answer 4

detoxification and lipid synthesis

Question 5

what is the Golgi complex?

Answer 5

flattened membrane sacs.

Question 6

Golgi complex functions

Answer 6

1. correct folding
2. chemical modification of newly synthesized proteins
3. packaging for protein trafficking

Question 7

what is a secretory vesicle?

Answer 7

membrane-bound organelle that transports materials from one part of the cell to another.

Question 8

what is the mitochondria?

Answer 8

double-membrane organelle, that produces ATP.

Question 9

what is a lysosome?

Answer 9

membrane-enclosed sac that contains hydrolytic enzymes, to break down substances.

Question 10

what is a vacuole?

Answer 10

membrane-bound sacs that store water and macromolecules and release waste from the cell.

Question 11

what is a chloroplast?

Answer 11

double-membraned organelle that captures sunlight and converts it into sugar (through photosynthesis).