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Gross Anatomy > Unit 2 Muscles > Flashcards

Unit 2 Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

External Intercostal - Origin

A

Inferior border of ribs

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2
Q

External Intercostal - Insertion

A

Superior border of ribs below

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3
Q

External Intercostal - Innervation

A

Intercostal nerve

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4
Q

Internal Intercostal - Origin

A

Inferior border of ribs

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5
Q

Internal Intercostal - Insertion

A

Superior border of ribs below

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6
Q

Internal Intercostal - Action

A

During forced respiration: interosseus part depresses ribs; interchondral part elevates ribs

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7
Q

Internal Intercostal - Innervation

A

Intercostal nerve

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8
Q

Innermost Intercostal - Insertion

A

Superior border of ribs below

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9
Q

Innermost Intercostal - Action

A

During forced respiration: interosseus part depresses ribs; interchondral part elevates ribs

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10
Q

Transversus Thoracis - Origin

A

Posterior surface of lower sternum

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11
Q

Innermost Intercostal - Innervation

A

Intercostal nerve

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12
Q

Transversus Thoracis - Action

A

Weakly depresses ribs

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13
Q

External Oblique - Origin

A

External surfaces of 5th-12th ribs

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14
Q

External Oblique - Insertion

A

Linea alba, pubic tubercle, and anterior half of iliac crest

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15
Q

Transversus Thoracis - Innervation

A

Intercostal nerve

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16
Q

External Oblique - Action

A

Compress and support abdominal viscera

Flex and rotate trunk

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17
Q

Internal Oblique - Origin

A

Thoracolumbar fascia
Anterior two thirds of iliac crest
Connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament

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18
Q

Internal Oblique - Insertion

A

Inferior borders of 10th-12th ribs
Linea alba
Pubis via conjoint tendon

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19
Q

Internal Oblique - Innervation

A

Thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T11)
Subcostal nerve
First lumbar nerve

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20
Q

Internal Oblique - Action

A

Compress and support abdominal viscera

Flex and rotate trunk

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21
Q

Transversus Abdominis - Origin

A

Internal surfaces of 7th-12th costal cartilages
Thoracolumbar fascia
Iliac crest
Connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament

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22
Q

Internal Oblique - Innervation

A

Thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T11)
Subcostal nerve
First lumbar nerve

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23
Q

Transversus Abdominis - Insertion

A

Linea alba with aponeurosis of internal oblique
Pubic crest
Pubis via conjoint tendon

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24
Q

Transversus Abdominis - Innervation

A

Thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T11)
Subcostal nerve
First lumbar nerve

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25
Q

Transversus Abdominis - Action

A

Compress and supports abdominal viscera

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26
Q

Rectus Abdominis - Origin

A

Pubic symphysis

Pubic crest

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27
Q

Rectus Abdominis - Insertion

A

Xiphoid process

5th-7th costal cartilages

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28
Q

Rectus Abdominis - Innervation

A

Thoraco-abdominal nerves and subcostal nerve (anterior rami of T7-T11 spinal nerves)

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29
Q

Rectus Abdominis - Action

A 
Flexes trunk (lumbar vertebrae)
Compresses abdominal viscera
Stabilizes and controls tilt of pelvis (antilordosis)
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30
Q

Diaphragm - Origin

A

Costal part: 7th-12th ribs
Lumbar part:
Medial part: L1-L3 vertebral bodies, intervertebral disks, and anterior longitudinal ligament
Lateral parts: lateral and medial arcuate ligaments
Sternal part: Xiphoid process (posterior surface

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31
Q

Diaphragm - Insertion

A

Central tendon

32
Q

Diaphragm - Innervation

A

Phrenic nerve (C3-C5, cervical plexus)

33
Q

Diaphragm - Action

A

Principal muscle of respiration (diaphragmatic and thoracic breathing), aids in compression of abdominal viscera (abdominal press)

34
Q

Platysma - Origin

A

Inferior border of mandible, skin, and subcutaneous tissue of lower face

35
Q

Platysma - Insertion

A

Fascia covering superior parts of pectoralis major and deltoid muscles

36
Q

Platysma - Innervation

A

Cervical branch of facial nerve (CN VII)

37
Q

Platysma - Action

A

Draws corners of mouth inferiorly and widens it as in expressions of sadness and fright; draws skin of neck superiorly when teeth are clenched, indicating tension.

38
Q

Sternocleidomastoid - Origin

A

Lateral surface of mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half of superior nuchal line

39
Q

Sternocleidomastoid - Insertion

A

Sternal head: anterior surface of manubrium of sternum

Clavicular head: superior surface of medial third of clavicle

40
Q

Sternocleidomastoid - Innervation

A

Spinal accessory nerve (motor) &

C2 and C3 nerves (pain and proprioception)

41
Q

Sternocleidomastoid - Action

A

Unilateral contraction - Laterally flexes neck and rotates it so that face is turned superiorly toward opposite side
Bilateral contraction - Extends neck at atlanto-occipital joints, flexes cervical vertebrae so that chin approaches manubrium, extends superior cervical vertebrae while flexing inferior vertebrae so that chin is thrust forward with head kept level
With cervical vertebrae fixed, may elevate manubrium and medial end of clavicles, assisting pump-handle action deep respiration

42
Q

Trapezius - Origin

A

Medial third of the superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, & spinous processes of C7-T12

43
Q

Trapezius - Insertion

A

Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula

44
Q

Trapezius - Innervation

A

Spinal accessory nerve (motor)

C3, C4 spinal nerves (pain and proprioception)

45
Q

Trapezius - Action

A

Descending part: elevates scapula
Ascending part: depresses scapula
Middle part/ all parts together: Retracts scapula
Descending and ascending parts: Rotates glenoid cavity superiorly

46
Q

Mylohyoid - Origin

A

Mylohyoid line of mandible

47
Q

Mylohyoid - Insertion

A

Mylohyoid raphe and body of hyoid

48
Q

Mylohyoid - Innervation

A

Nerve to mylohyoid

Branch of inferior alveolar nerve (from mandibular nerve (CN V3)

49
Q

Mylohyoid - Action

A

Elevates hyoid, floor of mouth, and tongue during swallowing and speaking

50
Q

Geniohyoid - Origin

A

Inferior mental spine mandible

51
Q

Geniohyoid - Insertion

A

Body of hyoid

52
Q

Geniohyoid - Innervation

A

C1 via hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

53
Q

Geniohyoid - Action

A

Pulls hyoid anterosuperiorly
Shortens floor of mouth
Widens pharynx

54
Q

Stylohyoid - Origin

A

Styloid process of temporal bone

55
Q

Stylohyoid - Insertion

A

Body of hyoid

56
Q

Stylohyoid - Innervation

A

Stylohyoid branch of facial nerve (CN VII)

57
Q

Stylohyoid - Action

A

Elevates and retracts hyoid, thus elongating floor of mouth

58
Q

Digastric - Origin

A

Anterior belly: digastric fossa of mandible

Posterior belly: mastoid notch of temporal bone

59
Q

Digastric - Insertion

A

Intermediate tendon to body and greater horn of hyoid

60
Q

Digastric - Innervation

A

Anterior belly: nerve to mylohyoid, a branch of inferior alveolar nerve
Posterior belly: digastric branch of facial nerve (CN VII)

61
Q

Digastric - Action

A

Working with infrahyoid muscles, depresses mandible aganist resistance
Elevates and steadies hyoid during swallowing and speaking

62
Q

Sternohyoid - Origin

A

Manubrium of sternum and medial end of clavicle

63
Q

Sternohyoid - Insertion

A

Body of hyoid

64
Q

Sternohyoid - Innervation

A

C1-C3 by a branch of ansa cervicalis

65
Q

Sternohyoid - Action

A

Depresses hyoid after elevation during swallowing

66
Q

Omohyoid - Origin

A

Superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch

67
Q

Omohyoid - Insertion

A

Inferior border of hyoid

68
Q

Omohyoid - Innervation

A

C1-C3 by a branch of ansa cervicalis

69
Q

Omohyoid - Action

A

Depresses, retracts, and steadies hyoid

70
Q

Sternothyroid - Origin

A

Posterior surface of manubrium of sternum

71
Q

Sternothyroid - Insertion

A

Oblique line of thyroid cartilage

72
Q

Sternothyroid - Innervation

A

C2 and C3 by a branch of ansa cervicalis

73
Q

Sternothyroid - Action

A

Depresses hyoid and larynx

74
Q

Thyrohyoid - Origin

A

Oblique line of thyroid cartilage

75
Q

Thyrohyoid - Insertion

A

Inferior border of body and greater horn of hyoid

76
Q

Thyrohyoid - Innervation

A

C1 via hypoglossal nerve

77
Q

Thyrohyoid - Action

A

Depresses hyoid and elevates larynx

Gross Anatomy (2 decks)

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