Unit 3 Antibiotics

Question 1

Carbapenems

Answer 1

Drug: Meropenems

• Semisynthetic
• Beta lactam
• Cell wall inhibitor
• Cidal

Question 2

Cyclocerine

Answer 2

Cyclocerine

• Alanine-alanine crossbridges (cell wall inhibitor)
• Gram+, some mycobacterium
• Toxic to nervous system
• Some G+ deactivate drug
• Cidal

Question 3

Macrolids

Answer 3

Drug name: Erythromycin

• Static
• Broad
• Protein synthesis (50S subunit)

Question 4

Polymyxin

Answer 4

Drug: Polymyxin B

• Destroys cytoplasmic membranes
• Narrow
• Cidal

Question 5

Chloramphenicol

Answer 5

Drug: Chloramphenicol

• Static
• Broad
• Protein synthesis (binds to 50S subunits)

Question 6

Aminoglycosides

Answer 6

Drugs: Gentamicin, Streptomycin

• Gram-
• Cidal by destroying outer membrane (protein synthesis)
• Also disrupt 30S subunit
• Broad

Question 7

Pyrazinamide

Answer 7

Drug: Pyrazinamide

• Anti-TB drug
• Narrow
• Cidal
• Puts hole in cell walls
• Good for slow-growing bacteria

Question 8

Cephalosporin

Answer 8

Drug name: Cephalexin

• Semisynthetic penicillin (Broader range than natural)
• Oral
• Cidal
• Cell wall
• Beta Lactam

Question 9

Lincosamides

Answer 9

Drug name: Clindamycin

• Static
• Broad
• Protein synthesis (50S subunits)

Question 10

Lipopolysaccharide

Answer 10

Drug name: Vancomycin

• Gram + only (cannot pass through outer membrane of Gram -)
• Reserved for resistant strains such as MRSA
• Administered via IV
• Cidal, Narrow
• Cell wall inhibition

Affects alanine-alanine crossbridges

Question 11

Tetracycline

Answer 11

Drug: Tetracycline

• Prevents tRNA from binding at 30S
• Inhibits protein synthesis
• Static
• Broad
• Can brown/damage growing teeth

Question 12

Beta-Lactam

Answer 12

Example: Penicillin G/V

• Natural penicillin
• Cidal, N/B
• Oral