Unit 3 - Gas exchange and ventilation in bony fish and insects Flashcards

1
Q

As organisms get larger, what happens to the size of the diffusion distance?

A

It increases

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2
Q

As organisms get larger, what happens to the size of the surface area?

A

It increases

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3
Q

As organisms get larger, what happens to the size of volume?

A

It increases

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4
Q

As organisms get larger, what happens to the size of the SA:V?

A

It decreases

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5
Q

Why do more active organisms have a greater demand for Oxygen and Glucose?

A

-more energy is required for more movement
-more ATP must be produced
-more aerobic respiration must occur
-more reactants (glucose and oxygen) is required

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6
Q

What are the 4 features of efficient exchange surfaces?

A

-increased SA
-thin layers
-good blood supply
-ventilation to maintain diffusion gradient (for gaseous diffusion)

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7
Q

Why does an increased surface area make an exchange surface more efficient?

A

Provides the area needed for exchange surface to overcome the limitations of low SA:V ratio

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8
Q

Why do thin layers make an exchange surface more efficient?

A

The distances that substances have to diffuse across are shorter making diffusion quicker

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9
Q

Why does a good supply make an exchange surface more efficient?

A

The greater the difference in concentration the greater the rate of diffusion, a good blood supply means substances are constantly being delivered and removed, maintaining the steep concentration gradient

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10
Q

Why does ventilation increase the efficiency of a gas exchange surface?

A

Helps to maintain a steep concentration gradient

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11
Q

Respiratory organ in fish?

A

Gills

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12
Q

Respiratory organ in insects?

A

Tracheal

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13
Q

How does air enter body in insects?

A

Via spiracles

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14
Q

How are gases transported to/from the respiratory surface in fish?

A

Blood capillaries

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15
Q

How are gases transported to/from the respiratory surface in insects?

A

Tracheoles

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