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Anatomy > Unit 3 Muscles > Flashcards

Unit 3 Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Pectineus proximal attachment

A

Superior Ramus of pubis

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2
Q

Pectineus distal attachment

A

Pectineal line of femur

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3
Q

Pectineus innervation

A

Femoral nerve
L2, L3

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4
Q

Pectineus action

A
  1. Adducts hip.
  2. Slightly flex hip.
  3. External rotation of hip.
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5
Q

Sartorius proximal attachment

A

Anterior superior iliac spine

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6
Q

Sartorius distal attachment

A

Pes anserine

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7
Q

Sartorius innervation

A

Femoral nerve.
L2, L3

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8
Q

Sartorius action

A
  1. Flex hip.
  2. Abduct hip.
  3. Externally rotate hip.
  4. Flex knee
  5. Internally rotate leg with flexed hip.
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9
Q

Gluteus maximus proximal attachment

A
  1. posterior gluteal line of illeum
  2. Dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx.
  3. Sacrotuberous ligament.
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10
Q

Gluteus maximus distal attachment

A

Most: IT band to Gerdy’s Tubercle
Some: gluteal tuberosity

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11
Q

Gluteus maximus innervation

A

Inferior gluteal nerve
L5, S1, S2

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12
Q

Gluteus maximus action

A
  1. Extend hip joint.
  2. Assist in lateral rotation of hip.
  3. Flex hip.
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13
Q

Gluteus medius proximal attachment

A

Ileum between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

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14
Q

Gluteus medius distal attachment

A

Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

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15
Q

Gluteus medius innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve
L5, S1

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16
Q

Gluteus, medius action

A
  1. Abduct hip.
  2. Internally rotate hip.
  3. Support, contralateral leg while flexing hip.
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17
Q

Gluteus minimus, proximal attachment

A

Ileum between anterior and INFERIOR gluteal lines

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18
Q

Gluteus minimus distal attachment

A

Anterior surface of greater trochanter a femur

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19
Q

Gluteus minimus innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve
L5, S1

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20
Q

Gluteus, minimus action

A
  1. Abduct hip
  2. Internally rotate hip.
  3. Support, contralateral leg while flexing hip.
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21
Q

Tensor fasciae latae proximal attachment

A
  1. Anterior superior iliac spine.
  2. Anterior iliac crest.
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22
Q

Tensor fasciae latae distal attachment

A

IT band to Gerdy’s Tubercle

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23
Q

Tensor fasciae latae innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve
L5, S1

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24
Q

Tensor fasciae latae action

A
  1. Internally rotate hip.
  2. Abduct hip.
  3. Support, contralateral leg while flexing hip.
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25
Q

Piriformis proximal attachment

A
  1. Anterior surface of sacrum.
  2. Sacrotuberous ligament.
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26
Q

Piriformis distal attachment

A

Greater trochanter of femur

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27
Q

Piriformis innervation

A

Anterior Rami
S1, S2

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28
Q

Piriformis action

A
  1. Externally rotate, extended hip.
  2. Abduct hip while flexed.
  3. Stabilize hip.
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29
Q

Obturator internus proximal attachment

A

Pelvic surface of operator membrane, and surrounding bones

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30
Q

Obturator internus distal attachment

A

Greater trochanter

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31
Q

Obturator internus innervation

A

Nerve to obturator internus
L5, S1

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32
Q

Obturator internus action

A
  1. Externally rotate, extended hip.
  2. Abduct hip when flexed.
  3. Stabilize hip.
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33
Q

Superior gemelli, proximal attachment

A

Ischial spine

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34
Q

Superior gemelli distal attachment

A

Greater trochanter

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35
Q

Superior gemelli innervation

A

Nerve to obturator internus
L5, S1

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36
Q

Superior gemelli action

A
  1. Externally rotate, extended hip.
  2. Abduct hip one flexed.
  3. Stabilize hip.
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37
Q

Inferior gemelli proximal attachment

A

Ischial tuberosity

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38
Q

Inferior gemelli distal attachment

A

Greater trochanter

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39
Q

Inferior gemelli innervation

A

Nerve to quadratic femoris
L5, S1

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40
Q

Inferior gemelli action

A
  1. Externally rotate, extended hip.
  2. Abduct hip on flexed.
  3. Stabilize hip.
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41
Q

Quadratus femoris proximal attachment

A

Ischial tuberosity

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42
Q

Quadratus femoris distal attachment

A

Greater trochanter

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43
Q

Quadratus femoris Innervation

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris
L5, S1

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44
Q

Quadratus femoris action

A
  1. Externally rotate, extended hip.
  2. Stabilize hip.
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45
Q

Adductor Longus Proximal attachment

A

Body of pubis

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46
Q

Adductor Longus Distal attachment

A

Linea Aspera of femur

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47
Q

Adductor Longus Innervation

A

Obturator Nerve
L2, L3, L4

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48
Q

Adductor Longus Action

A

Adducts hip

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49
Q

Adductor Brevis Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Body of pubis
  2. Inferior Ramus of pubis
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50
Q

Adductor Brevis Distal Attachment

A
  1. Pectineal line of femur
  2. Linea aspera of femur
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51
Q

Adductor Brevis Innervation

A

Obturator Nerve
L2, L3, L4

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52
Q

Adductor Brevis Action

A
  1. Adducts hip
  2. Flexes hip
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53
Q

Adductor Magnus Proximal Attachment

A

Adductor Part:
1. Inferior Ramus of pubis
2. Ramus of ischium

Hamstring Part:
1. Ischial tuberosity

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54
Q

Adductor Magnus Distal Attachment

A

Adductor Part:
1. Gluteal tuberosity
2. Linea Aspera
3. Medial Supracondylar line

Hamstring Part:
1. Adductor tubercle of femur

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55
Q

Adductor Magnus Innervation

A

Adduction Part:
1. Obturator Nerve
L2, L3, L4

Hamstring part:
1. Tibial division of sciatic nerve
L4

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56
Q

Adductor Magnus Action

A
  1. Adducts hip

Adductor Part:
1. Flex hip

Hamstring Part:
1. Extend hip

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57
Q

Gracilis Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Body of pubis
  2. Inferior ramus of pubis
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58
Q

Gracilis Distal Attachment

A

Pes anserine

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59
Q

Gracilis Innervation

A

Obturator Nerve
L2, L3

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60
Q

Gracilis Action

A
  1. Adducts hip
  2. Flexes knee
  3. Internally rotate hip when flexed
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61
Q

Obturator Externus Proximal attachment

A
  1. Margins of obturator foramen
  2. Obturator Membrane
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62
Q

Obturator Externus Distal Attachment

A

Greater Trochanter

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63
Q

Obturator Externus Innervation

A

Obturator Nerve
L3, L4

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64
Q

Obturator Externus Action

A
  1. externally rotates hip
  2. Stabilizes hip
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65
Q

Rectus Femoris Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Anterior inferior iliac spine
  2. Ilium Superior to acetabulum
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66
Q

Rectus Femoris Distal Attachment

A
  1. Quadriceps tendon to tibial tuberosity vis patella lig
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67
Q

Rectus Femoris Innervation

A

Femoral Nerve
L2, L3, L4

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68
Q

Rectus Femoris Action

A
  1. Extend knee
  2. Stabilized Knee and hip
  3. Help iliopsoas flex hip
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69
Q

Vastus Lateralis Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Greater Trochanter
  2. Lateral lip of linea aspera
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70
Q

Vastus Lateralis Distal Attachment

A
  1. Quadriceps tendon to tibial tuberosity vis patella lig
  2. Tibia and patella via aponeuroses
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71
Q

Vastus Lateralis Innervation

A

Femoral Nerve
L2, L3, L4

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72
Q

Vastus Lateralis Action

A

Extends knee

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73
Q

Vastus Medialis Proximal attachment

A
  1. Intertrochanteric line
  2. Medial lip of linea aspera
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74
Q

Vastus Medialis Distal attachment

A

1.Quadriceps tendon to tibial tuberosity via patella lig
2. Tibial and patella via aponeuroses

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75
Q

Vastus Medialis Innervation

A

Femoral nerve
L2, L3, L4

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76
Q

Vastus Medialis Action

A

Extend Knee

77
Q

Vastus Intermedius Proximal attachment

A

Anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur

78
Q

Vastus Intermedius Distal attachment

A
  1. Quadriceps tendon to tibial tuberosity via patella lig
79
Q

Vastus Intermedius Innervation

A

Femoral Nerve
L2, L3, L4

80
Q

Vastus Intermedius Action

A

Extends knee

81
Q

Semitendinosus Proximal attachment

A

Ischial Tuberosity

82
Q

Semitendinosus Distal attachment

A

Pes anserine

83
Q

Semitendinosus Innervation

A

Tibial division of sciatic nerve
L5, S1, S2

84
Q

Semitendinosus Action

A
  1. Extend hip
  2. Flex knee
  3. Internal rotation when hip is flexed
  4. Extend trunk at hip when hip and knee are flexed
85
Q

Semimembranosus Proximal attachment

A

Ishichial tuberosity

86
Q

Semimembranosus Innervation

A

Tibial division of sciatic nerve
L5, S1, S2

87
Q

Semimembranosus Action

A
  1. Extend hip
  2. Flex knee
  3. Internal rotation when hip is flexed
  4. Extend trunk at hip when hip and knee are flexed
88
Q

Biceps Femoris Proximal Attachment

A

Long Head:
1. Ischial tuberosity

Short Head:
1. Linea Aspera
2. Lateral supracondylar line of femur

89
Q

Biceps Femoris Distal Attachment

A

Lateral side of head of fibula

90
Q

Biceps Femoris Innervation

A

Long Head:
1. Tibial division fo sciatic nerve
L5, S1, S2

Short Head:
1. Common Fibular division of sciatic nerve
L5, S1, S2

91
Q

Biceps Femoris Action

A
  1. Flexes knee w/ flexion
  2. External rotation w/ flexion

Long Head:
3. Extends hip

92
Q

Gastrocnemius Proximal Attachment

A

Medial head:
1. Popliteal surface of femur,

Lateral Head:
1. lateral condyle of femur

93
Q

Gastrocnemius Distal Attachment

A

Calcaneus via achilles

94
Q

Gastrocnemius Innervation

A

Tibial nerve
S1, S2

95
Q

Gastrocnemius Action

A
  1. Plantarflexes ankle when extended
  2. Raises heel during walking
  3. Flexes knee
96
Q

Soleus Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Posterior fibula
  2. Soleal line
  3. Medial Tibia
  4. Tendinous arch b/wn bony attachments
97
Q

Soleus Distal Attachment

A

Calcaneus via achilles

98
Q

Soleus innervation

A

Tibial nerve
S1, S2

99
Q

Soleus Action

A
  1. Plantarflexes ankle independent of knee
  2. Stabilizes ankle
100
Q

Plantaris Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Lateral supracondylar line of femur
  2. Oblique popliteal ligament
101
Q

Plantaris Distal Attachment

A

Calcaneus via achilles

102
Q

Plantaris Innervation

A

Tibial nerve
S1, S2

103
Q

Plantaris Action

A

Weakly asist in plantarflexion

104
Q

Popliteus Proximal Attachment

A
  1. lateral condyle of femur
  2. Lateral meniscus
105
Q

Popliteus Distal Attachment

A

Posterior tibia above soleal line

106
Q

Popliteus Innervation

A

Tibial nerve
L4, L5, S1

107
Q

Popliteus Action

A
  1. Unlock femur by rotating 5 degrees on fixed tibia
  2. Medially rotate tibia of unplanted limb
108
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Lower posterior surface of fibula
  2. Interosseous membrane
109
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus Distal Attachment

A

Base of DISTAL phalanx of great toe

110
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus Innervation

A

Tibial nerve
S2, S3

111
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus Action

A
  1. Flex great toe
  2. Weakly plantarflex
  3. Support medial longitudinal arch
112
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus Proximal Attachment

A

Posterior tibia inferior to soleal line

113
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus Distal Attachment

A

Bases of distal phalanges 2-5

114
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus Innervation

A

Tibial nerve
S2, S3

115
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus Action

A
  1. Flexes lateral 4 digits
  2. Plantarflexes ankle
  3. Support longitudinal arch
116
Q

Tibialis Posterior Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Interosseous membrane
  2. posterior tibia, inferior to soleal line
  3. Posterior surface of fibula
117
Q

Tibialis Posterior Distal Attachment

A
  1. Tuberosity of navicular
  2. cuneiforms
  3. cuboid
  4. sustenaculum tali of calcaneous
  5. bases of 2, 3, 4th metatarsals
118
Q

Tibialis Posterior Innervation

A

Tibial Nerve
L4, L5

119
Q

Tibialis Posterior Action

A
  1. Planttarflexes
  2. Invert foot
  3. Supports medial longitudinal arch
120
Q

Fibularis Brevis Proximal Attachment

A

Inferior lateral fibula

121
Q

Fibularis Brevis Distal Attachment

A

Lateral side of base of 5th metatarsal

122
Q

Fibularis Brevis Innervation

A

Superficial fibular Nerve
L5, S1, S2

123
Q

Fibularis Brevis Action

A
  1. Eversion of subtalar joint
  2. Weakly plantarflexes
124
Q

Fibularis Longus Action

A
  1. Eversion of subtalar joint
  2. Weakly plantarflexes
125
Q

Fibularis Longus Innervation

A

Superficial fibular Nerve
L5, S1, S2

126
Q

Fibularis Longus Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Head of fibula
  2. Superior, lateral fibula
127
Q

Fibularis Longus Distal Attachment

A
  1. Base of 1st metatarsal
  2. Medial Cuneiform
128
Q

Tibialis Anterior Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Lateral condyle of tibia
  2. Superior 1/2 of tibia
  3. Interosseous membrane
129
Q

Tibialis Anterior Distal Attachment

A
  1. Medial Cuneiform
  2. Base of 1st Metatarsal
130
Q

Tibialis Anterior Innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)

131
Q

Tibialis Anterior Action

A
  1. Dorsiflexes ankle
  2. Weakly plantarflexes Subtalar joint
132
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus Proximal Attachment

A
  1. middle anterior fibula
  2. Interosseous membrane
133
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus Distal Attachment

A

Base of distal phalanx of great toe

134
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus Innervation

A

Deep Fibular Nerve (L5, S1)

135
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus Action

A
  1. Extends Great toe
  2. Dorsiflexes ankle
136
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus Innervation

A

Deep Fibular Nerve (L5, S1)

137
Q

Fibularis Tertius Innervation

A

Deep Fibular Nerve (L5, S1)

138
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Lateral condyle of tibia
  2. Superior surface of fibula
  3. Interosseous membrane
139
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus Distal Attachment

A

Middle and distal phalanges of 2-5

140
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus Action

A
  1. Extends 2-5
  2. Dorsiflexes ankle
141
Q

Fibularis Tertius Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Inferior anterior surface of fibula
  2. Interosseous membrane
142
Q

Fibularis Tertius Distal Attachment

A

Dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal

143
Q

Fibularis Tertius Action

A
  1. Dorsiflexes ankle
  2. Aids in eversion of STJ
144
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Calcaneus @ floor of Tarsal Sinus
  2. Interosseous Talocalcaneal Ligament
  3. Stem of Extensor Retinaculum
145
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis Distal Attachment

A

Long extensor tendons of 2-4

146
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis Innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve (L5)

147
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis Action

A

Aids EDL in extending 2-4 @ MTP and IP joints

148
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Calcaneus @ floor of Tarsal Sinus
  2. Interosseous Talocalcaneal Ligament
  3. Stem of Extensor Retinaculum
149
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis Distal Attachment

A

Dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx of great toe

150
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis Innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve (L5)

151
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis Action

A

Aids EHL in extending great toe @ MTP

152
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus
  2. Plantar aponeurosis
  3. Intermuscular septum
153
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis Distal Attachment

A

Both sides of middle phalanges of digits 2-5

154
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis Innervation

A

Medial plantar nerve (L5, S1)

155
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis Action

A

Flex digits 2-5 @MTP and PIP

156
Q

Lumbricals Proximal Attachment

A

FDL tendons

157
Q

Lumbricals Distal Attachment

A

Medial part of extensor expansions of 2-5

158
Q

Lumbricals Innervation

A

Medial 1: Medial plantar nerve (L5, S1)

Lateral 3: :Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1, S2, S3)

159
Q

Lumbricals Action

A
  1. Flexion of 2-5 @MTP
  2. Extension of 2-5 @PIP and DIP
160
Q

Quadratus Plantae Proximal Atttachment

A

Medial surface and lateral margin of calcaneus’ plantar surface

161
Q

Quadratus Plantae Distal Attachment

A

FDL tendon

162
Q

Quadratus Plantae Innervation

A

Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1, S2, S3)

163
Q

Quadratus Plantae Action

A

Assist FDl with flexion of 2-5 @MTP and IP

164
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Plantar surfaces of cuboid
  2. Planar surfaces of lateral cuneiforms
165
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis Distal Attachment

A

Both sides of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit

166
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis Innervation

A

Medial planar nerve (L5, S1)

167
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis Action

A

Flex 1st MTP joint

168
Q

Adductor hallucis Proximal Attachment

A

Oblique head: Bases of metatarsals 2-4

Transverse Head: Plantar ligaments of MTP joints

169
Q

Adductor hallucis Distal Attachment

A

Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit

170
Q

Adductor hallucis Innervation

A

Deep branch of lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2, S3)

171
Q

Adductor hallucis Action

A
  1. Adduct 1st digit
  2. Maintain transverse arch
172
Q

Plantar Interossei Proximal attachment

A

Plantar aspect of medial sides of shafts of metatarsals 3-5

173
Q

Plantar Interossei Distal attachment

A

Medial sides of bases of phalanges 3-5

174
Q

Plantar Interossei Innervation

A

Lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2, S3)

175
Q

Plantar Interossei Action

A

Adduct 3-5 @MTP

176
Q

Dorsal Interossei Proximal attachment

A

Adjacent sides of shafts of metatarsals 1-5

177
Q

Dorsal Interossei Distal attachment

A

1st: Medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd digit

2nd-4th: Lateral sides of 2-4

178
Q

Dorsal Interossei Innervation

A

Lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2, S3)

179
Q

Dorsal Interossei Action

A

Abduction of 2-4 @MTP

180
Q

Psoas Major Proximal Attachment

A
  1. TP of T12-L5 vertebrae
181
Q

Semimembranosis distal attachment

A
  1. Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia
  2. Oblique popliteal ligament
182
Q

Psoas Major Distal Attachment

A

Lesser trochanter

183
Q

Psoas Major Innervation

A

Ventral Rami (L1, L2, L3)

184
Q

Psoas Major Action

A

Fixed Hip:
1. Flex hip
2. Externally rotate

Fixed Foot
1. Flex trunk
2. Anteriorly tilt pelvis

185
Q

Illiacus Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Iliac fossa
  2. Sacrum
  3. Anterior sacroiliac ligaments
186
Q

Illiacus Distal Attachment

A
  1. Lesser trochanter
  2. Psoas tendon
187
Q

Illiacus Innervation

A

Femoral Nerve (L2,L3, L4)

188
Q

Illiacus Action

A

Fixed Hip:
1. Flex hip
2. Externally rotate

Fixed Foot
1. Flex trunk
2. Anteriorly tilt pelvis

Anatomy (9 decks)

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