unit 3 - photosynthesis (y8)

Question 1

anaerobic respiration effects

Answer 1

• build up of lactic acid causes muscle cramps
• muscle fatigue from less energy release, from bonds in glucose not being able to be completely broken down

Question 2

oxygen debt

Answer 2

when lacic acid from muscles enters the blood and is carried to the liver, where it is broken down using extra oxygen

Question 3

formula for anaerobic respiration

Answer 3

glucose –> lactic acid + energy

Question 4

formula for fermentation, a type of anaerobic respiration

Answer 4

glucose –> ethanol + carbon dioxide (+ energy)

Question 5

what is fermentation?

Answer 5

anaerobic respiration in yeast cells

Question 6

equation for photosynthesis

Answer 6

carbon dioxide + water –> (light energy) + glucose + oxygen

Question 7

What happens when plants have excess glucose?

Answer 7

Glucose is turned into starch, an insoluble storage molecule, to use later.

Question 8

Which three things affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 8

• light intensity
• temperature
• CO2 concentration

Question 9

waxy cuticle

Answer 9

• top layer of the leaf
• stops water loss from the leaves

Question 10

stomata

Answer 10

• found mainly at the bottom of leaves
• tiny pores that help diffuse gases in and out

Question 11

xylem

Answer 11

• is a tissue that transports water and minerals from the roots, up to the stem and leaves

Question 12

phloem

Answer 12

• vein - transports dissolved food

Question 13

upper epidermis

Answer 13

transparent to let light in

Question 14

lower epidermis

Answer 14

• covering of the leaf, often waxy
• to cut down on water loss

Question 15

palisade mesophyll cell

Answer 15

• row of cells located below the upper epidermis
• exposed to a lot of sunlight + have lots of chloroplasts to maximise photosynthesis

Question 17

nitrate

Answer 17

• used to make amino acids for proteins for healthy plant growth
• deficiency - turns a pale green/yellow colour

Question 18

phosphorus

Answer 18

• needed for strengthening a plant’s root system
• deficiency - purple tinted, rigid, small leaves

Question 20

potassium

Answer 20

• needed in enzymes used in respiration and photosynthesis
• deficiency - curling of leaf tips, yellow

Question 21

magnesium

Answer 21

• used to make chlorphyll for photoynthesis
• yellow leaves, smaller plants