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Biology Unit 5 - DNA/Protein Synthesis > Unit 5 Vocabulary > Flashcards

Unit 5 Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Adenine

A

Purine nitrogenous base with double rings and double bonds.

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2
Q

Codon

A

Three bases in either DNA or RNA

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3
Q

Cytosine

A

Pyrimidine nitrogenous base with single ring and triple bonds.

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4
Q

Deoxyribose

A

The type of sugar found in DNA.

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5
Q

Double Helix

A

The structure of DNA. Two spirals.

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6
Q

Gene

A

The part of DNA that codes for a particular trait.

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7
Q

Genetic Code

A

The sequence of DNA base pairs.

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8
Q

Guanine

A

Purine nitrogenous base with double rings and triple bonds.

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9
Q

Hydrogen Bond

A

The type of chemical bond that holds two sides of a DNA molecule together. It occurs between the nitrogenous bases.

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10
Q

mRNA

A

Messenger RNA. mRNA carries the genetic code for a protein from DNA to the ribosome.

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11
Q

Nucleotide

A

The monomer of DNA. It consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitogenous base.

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12
Q

Protein Synthesis

A

The process of making proteins from the genetic code.

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13
Q

Purine

A

The type of nitrogenous bases that have double rings. Adenine and Guanine.

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14
Q

Pyrimidine

A

The type of nitrogenous bases that have single rings. Thymine, Cytosine, and Uracil.

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15
Q

Ribose

A

The type of sugar found in RNA.

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16
Q

rRNA

A

Ribosomal RNA. The ribosome is made of rRNA.

17
Q

Thymine

A

Pyrimidine nitrogenous base with single ring and double bonds found only in DNA. It is replaced by uracil in RNA.

18
Q

Transcription

A

The process that changes the genetic code from DNA to RNA.

19
Q

tRNA

A

Transfer RNA. Carries the correct amino acid to the ribosome based on the codons in mRNA.

20
Q

Translation

A

The process that changes the genetic code from mRNA to proteins.

21
Q

Uracil

A

Pyrimidine nitrogenous base with single ring and double bonds found only in RNA. It replaces thymine.

Biology Unit 5 - DNA/Protein Synthesis (2 decks)

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