Unit 6 - Cities & Urban Land Use

Question 1

Post-modern architecture

Answer 1

an architectural style that emphasized breaking the rules of the rigid style of modern architecture

Question 2

Site

Answer 2

a way of describing where a place is based on the physical characteristics of the surrounding area

Question 3

Situation

Answer 3

a way of describing where a place is based on its relationships with the surrounding areas

Question 4

Urbanization

Answer 4

population shift from rural to urban areas

Question 5

Boomburbs

Answer 5

a suburban city that is rapidly growing, is as large as a major city, but retains its suburban feel

Question 6

Edge city

Answer 6

a relatively large urban area situated on the outskirts of a city, typically beside a major road

Question 7

Exurbs

Answer 7

an area outside of the denser inner suburban area which has an economic and commuting connection to the metro area, low housing density, and growth

Question 8

Megacity

Answer 8

a large metropolitan area with a population higher than 10 million

Question 9

Metatcity

Answer 9

a large metropolitan area with a population higher than 20 million

Question 10

Suburbanization

Answer 10

a population shift from central urban areas into suburbs

Question 11

World cities

Answer 11

a large city that is very important to the global economy

Question 12

Primate city

Answer 12

is the largest city in its country or region, disproportionately larger than any others in the urban hierarchy

Question 13

Rank-size rule

Answer 13

the nth largest city in a given country will have 1/n of the population of the largest city in that country

Question 14

Range

Answer 14

the maximum distance that someone is willing to travel to receive a specific service

Question 15

Threshold

Answer 15

the minimum number of people needed for a service to be worth-while

Question 16

Market area (or hinterland)

Answer 16

geographic zone containing the people who are likely to purchase a firm’s goods or services

Question 17

Central business district (CBD)

Answer 17

the main business and commercial area of a town or city

Question 18

Infilling

Answer 18

new development that is placed on vacant or undeveloped land within an existing community

Question 19

De facto segregation

Answer 19

racial segregation that happens organically instead of being en-forced by law

Question 20

Greenbelt

Answer 20

an area of open land around a city where development is prohibited

Question 21

Mixed land use

Answer 21

that blends a combination of residential, commercial, cultural, institutional, or industrial uses that provides pedestrian connections

Question 22

New urbanism

Answer 22

an urban design movement which promotes environmentally friendly habits by creating walkable neighborhoods containing a wide range of housing and job types

Question 23

Placelessness

Answer 23

when places begin to feel the same due to loss of cultural and historical ties

Question 24

Slow-growth cities

Answer 24

cities that are actively trying to control their growth to promote sustainability

Question 25

Smart growth

Answer 25

planned urban development that aims to reduce environmental effects

Question 26

Walkability

Answer 26

a measure of how friendly a city is to getting around by walking

Question 27

Zoning practices

Answer 27

local laws that define which types of economic activities can take place in specific areas of a city

Question 28

Combined statistical area (CSA)

Answer 28

an area with MSAs and μSAs that are close together and economically linked

Question 29

Metropolitan statistical area (MSA)

Answer 29

a geographical region with a relatively high population density at its core and close economic ties throughout the area.

Question 30

Micropolitan statistical area (μSA)

Answer 30

labor market areas in the United States centered on an urban cluster with a population at least 10,000 but less than 50,000

Question 31

Blockbusting

Answer 31

real estate agents convincing people to sell houses because of minorities or poor people moving into the area and making money by reselling the property for a higher price

Question 32

Council of government

Answer 32

cities and counties coming together for coordination and urban planning

Question 33

Disamenity zone

Answer 33

the very poorest parts of cities that in extreme cases are not even connected to city services (amenities) and are controlled by gangs and drugs (Favelas in Rio).

Question 34

Environmental injustice

Answer 34

when marginalized groups face higher levels of environmental risk due to others actions

Question 35

Gentrification

Answer 35

people renovating housing in low-income areas to increase the value - rising property values will eventually force the original low-income residents out

Question 36

Redlining

Answer 36

the now illegal (in the USA) practice of refusing to loan money to specific areas because of poverty in the area

Question 37

Slum

Answer 37

a heavily populated area of a city where poor resident live in substandard homes

Question 38

Squatter settlement

Answer 38

groups of house made out of cheap, non-traditional materials built on land not owned by the residents

Question 39

Urban renewal

Answer 39

the redevelopment of areas within a large city, typically involving the clearance of slums

Question 40

Zone of abandonment

Answer 40

areas or neighborhoods where most people migrate away often due to lack of jobs

Question 41

Brownfields

Answer 41

a former industrial or commercial site that people perceive to be contaminated environmentally

Question 42

Suburban Sprawl

Answer 42

the expansion of a city away from urban centers outward with a tendency to turn into suburbs farther out

Question 43

Greyfields

Answer 43

economically outdated real estate - named after the sea of asphalt that often accompanies these sites

Question 44

Public housing

Answer 44

housing provided for people with low incomes, subsidized by the government