Unit 6: Endocrine System

Question 1

pineal gland

Answer 1

produces melatonin and when light levels are low

Question 2

hypothalamus

Answer 2

oxytocin and antiduretic hormone (ADH)

Question 3

pituitary gland

Answer 3

controls other endocrine glands

Question 4

anterior pituitary gland

Answer 4

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), growth hormone, luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 5

posterior pituitary gland

Answer 5

stores oxytocin and ADH and sends them to other places

Question 6

thyroid gland

Answer 6

located in the larynx
produces thyroxine and trilodothyronine calcitonin

Question 7

adrenal medulla

Answer 7

epinephrine, and norepinephrine

Question 8

adrenal cortex

Answer 8

cortisol and aldosterone

Question 9

ovaries

Answer 9

estrogen and progesterone

Question 10

parathyroid glands

Answer 10

produces parathyroid hormones

Question 11

thymus gland

Answer 11

located behind the sternum (turns into fat after puberty)
produces thymosin which helps T cells mature

Question 12

pancreas

Answer 12

contains specialized cells called islets of Langerhans
produces insulin and glucagon

Question 13

testes

Answer 13

levels of LH trigger the production of testosterone

Question 14

LH

Answer 14

produced in anterior pituitary
triggers ovulation each month
triggers the ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone
triggers the testes to produce testosterone

Question 15

TSH

Answer 15

produced in anterior pituitary
regulates when the thyroid releases its own hormones

Question 16

adrenocorticotropic hormone

Answer 16

produced by anterior pituitary gland
targets the adrenal cortex
triggers the adrenal cortex to produce its own hormones

Question 17

melatonin

Answer 17

produced in the pineal gland
causes you to feel calm and sleepy

Question 18

T3

Answer 18

produced by the thyroid
increases metabolic rate

Question 19

Thyroxine (T4)

Answer 19

produce by the thyroid
gets converted into T3

Question 20

calcitonin

Answer 20

produced by the thyroid
triggers calcium ions to exit the bloodstream and enter the bones

Question 21

parathyroid hormone

Answer 21

triggers calcium ions to exit the bones and enter the bloodstream

Question 22

thymosin

Answer 22

produced by the thymus
targets T cells and triggers them to mature

Question 23

epinephrine

Answer 23

produced by adrenal medulla
recognizes stress and helps with the flight or fight response

Question 24

norepinephrine

Answer 24

produced by adrenal medulla
recognizes stress and helps with fight or flight response

Question 25

cortisol

Answer 25

produced by adrenal cortex
important in the production of glucose
released in stressful situation

Question 26

aldosterone

Answer 26

produced by adrenal cortex
targets kidneys
stimulates the kidneys to keep salt and water in the blood
causes blood pressure to rise

Question 27

oxytocin

Answer 27

made in the hypothalamus & gets sent to the posterior pituitary
causes contractions to start during childbirth
causes milk to flow from the breasts during nursing

Question 28

ADH

Answer 28

made in the hypothalamus and gets sent to the posterior pituitary
targets kidneys
triggers the kidneys to reabsorb water

Question 29

prolactin

Answer 29

produced by anterior pituitary
stimulates milk production for breastfeeding

Question 30

growth hormone

Answer 30

produced by anterior pituitary
sent to the liver
tells the bones, muscles, and other organs to grow by doing mitosis

Question 31

FSH

Answer 31

produced by anterior pituitary
egg and sperm production