Unit 8

Question 1

Developmental Psychology

Answer 1

The study of how people change physically, mentally, and socially throughout the life span is called

Question 2

Zygote

Answer 2

When a female (human) egg is fertilized, it is no longer classified simply as an egg

Question 3

Embryo

Answer 3

the developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the second month

Question 4

Fetus

Answer 4

The developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth

Question 5

Teratogens

Answer 5

Agents such as chemicals and viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm.

Question 6

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Answer 6

drug induced disorders is linked to low birth weight and cognitive delays (alcohol during pregnancy)

Question 7

Habituation

Answer 7

The process where a child develops disinterest due to the successive stimulation

Question 8

Maturation

Answer 8

the process by which we change, grow, and develop throughout life.

Question 9

Cognition

Answer 9

The process of thinking or mentally processing information such as concepts, language, and images

Question 10

Schema

Answer 10

A concept or knowledge that guides us to understand and interpret information - thinking a dog is a lion because it has four legs

Question 11

Assimilation

Answer 11

the process of allowing new information or experiences to be incorporated into existing ideas

Question 12

Accommodation

Answer 12

the process of revisiting existing schemas so that new information can be incorporated

Question 13

Sensorimotor Stage

Answer 13

0-2 years old A developmental stage characterized as the period of a child’s life when learning occurs through a child’s sensory and motor interactions with the physical environment.

Question 14

Object Permanence

Answer 14

The awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived

Question 15

Egocentrism

Answer 15

when the child sees everything from his own point of view, it is because he believes all the world to think like himself

Question 16

Pre-operational Stage

Answer 16

(2-7) symbolic thinning; grammar expressions; pretend play; and egocentrism

Question 17

Object Permanence

Answer 17

The awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived

Question 18

Egocentrism

Answer 18

thinking characterized by a limited ability to share another person’s point of view

Question 19

Conservation

Answer 19

Ability to recognize that objects can e transformed in some way, visually or phycially, yet still be the same in number, weight, substance, or volume

Question 20

Theory of Mind

Answer 20

understand why people act a certain way and their motivations/ desires

Question 21

Concrete Operational Stage

Answer 21

7-11 concrete reasoning; time, space, and quantity are understood

Question 22

Formal Operational Stage

Answer 22

(11-) abstract logic; moral reasoning; strategy and planning

Question 23

Autism

Answer 23

characterized by difficulty in communicating and forming relationships; mind blindness

Question 24

Stranger Anxiety

Answer 24

The fear of strangers that infants commonly display, beginning by about 8 months of age

Question 25

Attachment

Answer 25

An emotional tie with another person; shown in young children by their seeking closeness to the caregiver and showing distress on separation.

Question 26

Critical Period

Answer 26

An optimal period early in life of an organism when exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces normal development

Question 27

Imprinting

Answer 27

A primitive form of learning in which some young animals follow and form an attachment to the first moving object they see and hear.

Question 28

Basic Trust

Answer 28

According to Erik Erikson, a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy; said to be formed during infancy by appropriate experiences with responsive caregivers

Question 29

Adolescence

Answer 29

A long transitional developmental period between childhood and adulthood.

Question 30

Puberty

Answer 30

Period of several years in which rapid physical growth and psychological changes occur.

Question 31

Primary Sex Characteristics

Answer 31

The sexual organs that are present at birth and later mature so that human reproduction is possible.

Question 32

Secondary Sex Characteristics

Answer 32

nonreproductive sexual characteristics such as female breasts and hips, male voice quality and body hair

Question 33

Menarche

Answer 33

A young women’s first menstural period and when sexual reproduction is possible

Question 34

Identity

Answer 34

One’s own sense of self; of who they are.

Question 35

Social Identity

Answer 35

A person’s sense of who they are based on their membership.

Question 36

Intimacy

Answer 36

A strong, emotional bond between two people who share common interests and concern for each other’s well being.

Question 37

Emerging Adulthood

Answer 37

a period from the late teens to early twenties

Question 38

Menopause

Answer 38

The end of menstruation and childbearing years which occurs in a women’s early 50s.

Question 39

Cross-Sectional Study

Answer 39

A research design in which investigators compare groups of subjects of differing age who are observed at a single point in time.

Question 40

Longitudinal Study

Answer 40

A correlational research study that involves repeated observations of the same variables over long periods of time.

Question 41

Social Clock

Answer 41

The culturally preferred timing of social events such as marriage, parenthood, and retirement

Question 42

Self concept

Answer 42

How you perceive your behavior, abilities, and unique characteristics.