UNIT D

Question 1

Structure

Answer 1

Any object that provides support.

Question 2

Structural stability

Answer 2

The ability of a structure to maintain its position even when it is being acted on by forces.

Question 3

Structural strength

Answer 3

The capacity of a structure to support both the load of its own material plus any additional load applied to it.

Question 4

Solid Stucture

Answer 4

Structure made of a solid piece of strong material.

Question 5

Shell

Answer 5

Structure with a solid outer surface and a hollow inner area.

Question 5

Frame

Answer 5

Structure consisting of a rigid arrangement of parts joined together.

Question 6

Function

Answer 6

The use or purpose of a structure.

Question 7

Aesthetics

Answer 7

Refers to the pleasing appearance or effect that an object has because of its design.

Question 8

Compression

Answer 8

Force that acts to squeeze an object or push parts within an object together.

Question 9

Shear

Answer 9

Force that acts to push parts that are in contact with each other in opposite directions.

Question 10

Tension

Answer 10

Force that stretches and pulls apart an object.

Question 11

Torsion

Answer 11

The twisting of an object due to an applied torque.

Question 12

Where should the center of gravity be to make an object more stable?

Answer 12

For any object that has a supporting base, its center of gravity must be located directly over the base, or it will tip over.

Question 13

What is an object with symmetry?

Answer 13

Balanced arrangement of mass on opposite sides of a line or plane, or around a center of axis.

Question 14

What is the difference between a dynamic load and static load?

Answer 14

Static is where: the Weight of a structure, and the non-moving load it supports.

Dynamic is where: the moving or changing force acting on an object.

Question 15

What is a Beam bridge

Answer 15

— Bridge supported by a beam or several beams
— Bridge is flat and supported at 2 ends
— Might also have some additional vertical piers

Question 16

What is a Truss bridge

Answer 16

— Bridge supported by trusses (triangles).
— Lightweight, but a strong bridge.

— Truss: framework of beams that form triangles.

Question 17

What is a Suspension bridge

Answer 17

— Bridge having its roadway hung from large cables supported between tall towers.

— Modern bridges have strong concrete towers on both ends to support the main cable, and then smaller cables are connected to the main one.

Question 18

What is a Arch bridge

Answer 18

— Bridge supported by an arch or a series of arches.
— Designed to withstand heavy loads.
— Each part is supported by the next, and eventually the ground.

Question 19

Explain the types of internal forces.

Answer 19

Compression, torsion, and shear forces.

Question 20

Explain the type of external forces.

Answer 20

Tension force, gravity, mass.

Question 21

Suspension

Answer 21

— Bridge having its roadway hung from large cables.

— Modern bridges have strong concrete towers on both ends to support the main cable.

— the smaller cables are connected to the main one.

Question 22

Cantilever

Answer 22

A cantilever bridge is generally made with three spans, of which the outer spans are cantilevered.

Question 23

Truss

Answer 23

Framework of beams that form triangles.

Question 24

Arch

Answer 24

Curved structures used in bridges and gateways.

Can support a large load because the force of the load is carried down through the arch foundation.