Unit D Population

Question 1

Genetic Drift

Answer 1

A population will move towards more desirable traits/phenotypes

Question 2

L in LEARNN

Answer 2

Large population: large gene pools better for resisting Drift

Question 3

E in LEARNN

Answer 3

Equal Viability: all individuals survive to reproduce + pass on traits

Question 4

A in LEARNN

Answer 4

Absence of Selection: lack of selective pressure

Question 5

R in LEARNN

Answer 5

Random Mating: gene pools always shuffle

Question 6

N1 in LEARNN

Answer 6

No Mutation: alters gene pool

Question 7

N2 in LEARNN

Answer 7

No Migration: no gain or loss of genes in gene pool

Question 8

Mutations (list 2)

Answer 8

Changes in DNA
Mutations favored in one population may not be in another

Question 9

Migrations (list 3)

Answer 9

New members move into population——> immigration
Members move out——> emigration
Loss or gain of genes affects gene pool

Question 10

Found Effect

Answer 10

Sub-population forms basis for new population
Rare traits tend to amplify in isolated + smaller populations

Question 11

Bottle-neck Effect

Answer 11

Population experiences Selective Pressure altering gene pool

Question 12

Abiotic Selective Pressure

Answer 12

Weather, drought, fire, flood, etc

Question 13

Biotic Selective Pressure

Answer 13

Competition, predators, parasites, disease, etc

Question 14

Interspecific Competition

Answer 14

Between members of different species

Question 15

Intraspecific Competition

Answer 15

Within members of same species

Question 16

Clumped Distribution

Answer 16

ie. Polar bears in the arctic

Question 17

Random Distribution

Answer 17

Organisms found in many different locations

Question 18

Uniform Distribution

Answer 18

Occurs when there is competition for abiotic factors
ie. Desert plant life compete for water

Question 19

Exponential (J-shaped)

Answer 19

Density independent: Abiotic Condtions

Question 20

Logistic (S-shaped)

Answer 20

Density dependent: Biotic Conditions

Question 21

Lag Phase

Answer 21

Population introduction or beginning of season

Question 22

Growth Phase

Answer 22

Natality exceeds mortality

Question 23

Stationary Phase

Answer 23

Natality=mortality

Question 24

Death Phase

Answer 24

Mortality exceeds natality

Question 25

Natality

Answer 25

of births in a population

Question 26

Mortality

Answer 26

of deaths in a population

Question 27

Biotic Potential

Answer 27

Builds up a population

Question 28

Biotic Potential depends on:

Answer 28

Fecundity: the max # of offspring a female can produce
Sexual Maturity Age: earlier, more babies in its lifespan
Length of Gestation: 9 months vs 9 days
Length of reproductive life: 30 yrs vs 30 days
Capacity for survival: chance offspring live to reproductive age
Number of times organisms reproduce

Question 29

Environmental Resistance

Answer 29

Knock down a population

Question 30

r-Selected

Answer 30

r = rapid
ie. short lived, low comp, many offsprings, etc

Question 31

k-Selected

Answer 31

k = stay at carrying capacity
ie. long lived, slower growth, big organisms, etc

Question 32

Camouflage

Answer 32

Hide of blend in

Question 33

Aposematic colouration

Answer 33

Warning colour to avoid predation

Question 34

Mimicry

Answer 34

Resembles distasteful or dangerous species

Question 35

Convolution

Answer 35

Prey adapts and puts a selective pressure on its predator to also adapt

Question 36

Parasitism

Answer 36

One benefits, other is harmed

Question 37

Commensalism

Answer 37

One benefits, other neutral

Question 38

Mutualism

Answer 38

Both benefit

Question 39

Primary Succession

Answer 39

Nothing —> Something

Question 40

Secondary Succession

Answer 40

Something —> Damaged —> Something