Unit Two

Question 1

Roles of Managers

Answer 1

Setting objectives 
Analysing data
Leading staff
Making decisions 
Reviewing

Question 2

Theory X leaders

Answer 2

Workers are lazy, dislike work, motivated by money, no interest in business, lack ambition

Question 3

Theory Y leaders

Answer 3

Workers enjoy work, seek satisfaction from work, take responsibility, should and want contribute to decision making

Question 4

Autocratic

Answer 4

Most decisions made by manager, strict controls, give out orders without consultation, penalties for bad perform
+ good in crisis situations
- frustration & high labour turnover

Question 5

Democratic

Answer 5

Two way communication & delegation, employees engaged in decision making
+high motivation and loyalty
- loss of control and slower dm process

Question 6

Tannenbaum and Schmidt

Answer 6

Tell: managers tell exactly what to do
Sell: manager focus on need of employees while making dec
Consult: Managers present ideas and invite suggestions from staff for improv
Joins: Manager ask team to make decisions kn limits he sets

Question 7

Blake Mouton grid

Answer 7

Impoverished: low concern for people & product ~ ineffective, low harmony high labour turnover
Produce or Perish: high concern for production & low for people ~ strict work rules high labour turnover
Country Club: high concern for people low for production ~ very relaxed atmosphere but production suffers
Team leader: high concern for people & production ~ best approach , team works effectively & understand targets

Question 8

Scientific Decision Making

Answer 8

1 Set objectives 
2 Gather data
3 Analyse Data
4 Select a strategy
5 Review decisions 

+ reduces bias
+ d on Hard Data so less likely to fail

Question 9

Opportunity cost

Answer 9

Cost of the next best forgone Alternative

Question 10

Stakeholders

Answer 10

Individual or group with a direct interest in the activities and performance of a business

Question 11

Internal & External stakeholders

Answer 11

Internal: Employees, Suppliers, Managers

External: Shareholders, Customers, Pressure Groups

Question 12

Stakeholder Mapping

Answer 12

A : Minimal effort 
limited power/interest
eg small customers
B : Keep informed 
very interested but lim power eg small shareholders 
C : Keep satisfied
Low interest much power 
eg big customers/shareholders 
D : Key Players
interested & powerful
eg technical designers at Apple