Urbanising World Case Study- Mumbai Flashcards
Where is Mumbai?
- A megacity in Western India
- Along the coast of the Arabian Sea
Why is Mumbai a leading city economically?
- It has a population of 22 million and is the second-largest city in India
- It has a large deep-water port that is essential for international trade
- It’s location on India’s west coast makes it closer to Europe via the Suez canal
- Mumbai international airport sees 32 million passengers travelling through India
- Mumbai is located in India’s richest province
What are two contrasting areas in Mumbai?
- Malabar Hill
- Dharavi slums
Describe Malabar Hill:
- Wealthy areas can be found along the coastline and inner city, situated in areas with picturesque views and far away from other settlements
- Malabar Hill is one of the richest residential areas and is home to many business people
- It is also a tourist attraction, with a temple and beach within the area
Describe Dharavi:
- Asia’s largest slum
- Population of approximately 1 million
- Most residents work in recycling and rag picking
- Slumdog Millionaire, was an award winning film filmed in Dharavi. Some tourists now visit the area as part of walking tours to view the industry and living conditions of locals
Why is Mumbai’s population growing?
Rural-Urban migration
- Mumbai has many tempting services such as universities and schools, shops, restaurants and job opportunities
Natural Increase
- The fertility rate in MUmbai is 2.2 births per woman, meaning there are many families
What are Mumbai’s 4 main challenges?
- Shanty towns and slums
- Traffic Congestion
- Polluted water
- Sweat shops and informal work
How does a shortage of housing in Mumbai create problems?
- Since many migrants move with little income, they can’t afford housing, so they construct homes out of salvaged material, but these usually don’t comply with housing standards:
- Some houses tap illegally into other’s electricity, which is dangerous and can lead to power cuts
- High risk of fire and disease as houses are built so close to each other
- Residents live on the outskirts of the city so are far from emergency services, education and employment opportunities. Public transport can’t run through slums as the streets are too narrow, so residents must walk across the slums, which can be dangerous at night
What are other problems faced in Mumbai?
- Water pollution, which can lead to water-borne diseases such as salmonella and typhoid fever
- In Dharavi, there are 20,000 small factories and sweatshops, some of which employ children and the buildings don’t follow proper regulations
- 10 people die each day on Mumbai’s train lines
What is a top down project in Mumbai, and what was it’s aim?
- Mumbai monorail
- Aimed to reduce congestion of cars
- Reduce greenhouse gas emissions
What are the benefits of the Mumbai monorail?
- Reduced road congestion
- Cheap tickets
- Fast
What are the downsides of the Mumbai monorail?
- Doesn’t go through main part of the city
- Only 15,000 journeys made each day, the majority of which is by tourists
What is a bottom up project in India?
- SPARC toilet blocks
What are the benefits of SPARC toilets?
- Direct response to community needs
- Previous city toilets didn’t have running water and weren’t clean
- Families can purchase a monthly permit for a low price
- Toilets have electric lights and separate blocks for children
What are the downside of SPARC toilet blocks?
- Permits can sometimes take a while to get
