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Urinary > Urinary > Flashcards

Urinary Flashcards

1
Q

Area of kidney where vessels, ureter, and lymphatics enter and exit

A

Hilus

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2
Q

Another term for the renal fascia; the kidney is covered by the renal capsule, perirenal fat, Gerota’s fascia, and pararenal fat

A

Gerota’s fascia

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3
Q

Functional unit of the kidney; includes a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule

A

Nephron

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4
Q

Carries blood into the glomerulus of the nephron

A

Afferent arteriole

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5
Q

Receive urine from the renal pyramids; form the border of the renal sinus

A

Minor calyces

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6
Q

Part of the nephron that consists of Bowman’s capsule and the glomerulus

A

Renal corpuscle

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7
Q

Area in the midportion of the kidney that collects urine before entering the ureter

A

Renal pelvis

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8
Q

Site of filtration in the kidney; contains water, salts, glucose, urea, and amino acids

A

Bowman’s capsule

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9
Q

Receives urine from the minor calyces to convey to the renal pelvis

A

Major calyces

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10
Q

Outer parenchyma of the kidney that contains the renal corpuscle and proximal and distal convoluted tubules of the nephron

A

Cortex

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11
Q

Small, membranous canal that excretes urine from the urinary bladder

A

Urethra

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12
Q

Space behind the peritoneal lining of the abdominal cavity

A

Retroperitoneum

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13
Q

Portion of the renal tubule lying between the proximal and distal convoluted portions; reabsorption of fluid, sodium, and chloride occurs here and in the proximal convoluted tubule

A

Loop of Henle

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14
Q

One of several conical masses of tissue that form the kidney medulla; each consists of the loops of Henle and the collecting tubules of the nephrons

A

Renal pyramid

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15
Q

Retroperitoneal structures that exit the kidney to cary urine to the urinary bladder

A

ureters

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16
Q

Inner portioin of the renal parenchyma that contains the loop of Henle

A

medulla

17
Q

Small vessels found at the base of the renal pyramids: appear as echogenic structures

A

arcuate arteries

18
Q

Muscular retroperitoneal organ that serves as a reservoir for urine

A

urinary bladder

19
Q

Part of the collecting system adjacent to the pyramid that collects urine and is connected to the major calyx

A

calyx

20
Q

Network of capillaries that are part of the filtration process in the kidney

A

glomerulus

21
Q

Central area of the kidney that includes the calyces, renal pelvis, renal vessels, fat, nerves, and lymphatics

A

renal sinus

22
Q

Right posterior subhepatic space located anterior to the kidney and inferior to the liver where fluid may accumulate

A

Morison’s pouch

23
Q

Small vessel that carries blood from the glomerulus of the nephron and conducts blood to the peritubular capillaries that surround the renal tubule

A

efferent arteriole

24
Q

area in the midportion of the kidney where the renal vessels and ureter enter and exit

A

renal hilum

25
Q

Laboratory measurement of the amount of nitrogenous waste and creatinine in the blood

A

BUN blood urea nitrogen

26
Q

A product of metabolism; laboratory test that measures the ability of the kidne to get rid of waste

A

creatinine

27
Q

Maintenance of normal body physiology

A

homeostasis

28
Q

Laboratory tests that measure how much dissolved material is present in the urine

A

specific gravity

29
Q

Normal variant that occurs on the left kidney as a bulge on the lateral border

A

dromedary hump

30
Q

Located outside of the normal position, most often in the pelvic cavity

A

ectopic kidney

31
Q

Stone within the urinary system

A

urolithiasis

32
Q

First layer adjacent to the kidney that forms a tough, fibrous covering

A

renal capsule

33
Q

Bands of cortical tissue that separate the renal pyramids; may mimic a renal mass on ultrasound

A

columns of Bertin

34
Q

Dilation of the renal collecting system

A

hydronephrosis

35
Q

Congenital malformation which both kidneys are joined together by as isthmus, most commonly at the lower poles

A

horseshoe kidney

36
Q

Interruption in the normal development of the kidney resulting in absence of the kidney; may be unilateral or bilateral

A

renal agenesis

37
Q

The urinary system has two principal functions; excreting ________, and regulating the composition of __________.

A

wastes, blood

38
Q

The right kidney lies sligtly ________ than the left kidney because the large right lobe of the __________ pushes it ____________.

A

lower, liver, inferiorly

39
Q

The kidneys move with respiration; on deep inspiration, both kidneys move _____________ approximately 1 inch.

A

downward

Urinary (1 decks)

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