Urinary

Question 1

Functions of urinary system

Answer 1

Excretion, elimination, water balance, pH regulation, production of erythropoietin (renin bp reg)

Question 2

Kidney

Answer 2

Responsible for blood filtering and urine formation

Question 3

Renal capsule

Answer 3

Connective tissue covering the kidneys

Question 4

Renal cortex

Answer 4

Outer region of kidney

Question 5

Renal medulla

Answer 5

Inner region of kidney, where urine is collected to be excreted outward

Question 6

Renal calyx

Answer 6

Collects urine from nephrons and directs it to renal pelvis

Question 7

Renal pyramid

Answer 7

Connective tissue binding structures together

Question 8

Hilum

Answer 8

Notch of kidney where renal artery, renal vein, ureter, nerves, and lymphatic vessels converge

Question 9

Ureter

Answer 9

Transportation of urine by peristalsis

Question 10

Urinary bladder

Answer 10

Urine storage holds up to 400 ml

Question 11

Urethra

Answer 11

Tubule that excretes urine from bladder to the outside

Question 12

Nephron

Answer 12

Kidneys functional units where blood filtering and urine formation occur

Question 13

Urine formation

Answer 13

Filtration, reabsorption, concentration, secretion

Question 14

Filtration

Answer 14

Small molecules are filtered from glomerulus to bowmans capsule

Question 15

Reabsorption

Answer 15

Nutrient molecules are transported from PCT and DCT to the tubular capillaries

Question 16

Concentration

Answer 16

Water is reabsorbed from descending limb of loop of hanle and from collecting duct into peritubular capillaries

Question 17

Secretion

Answer 17

Waste or harmful substances are transported from peritubular capillaries to PCT and DCT

Question 18

Nephron is composed of

Answer 18

Afferent arteriole > glomerulus > bowmans capsule > efferent arteriole > proximal convoluted tubule > descending limb of loop of henle > loop of henle > ascending limb of loop of henle > distal convoluted tubule > (collecting duct NOT PART OF NEPHRON)

Question 19

Glomerulus

Answer 19

Filtration of h2o and dissolved substances from the plasma

Question 20

Proximal convoluted tubules

Answer 20

Reabsorption of glucose, amino acids, creatine, lactic acid, citric , uric , by active transport

Reabsorption or proteins by pinocytosis

Reabsorption of h2o by osmosis

Reabsorption of negative charged ions by electrochemical attraction

Question 21

Descending limb of nephron loop

Answer 21

Reabsorption of h2o by osmosis

Question 22

Ascending limb of nephron loop

Answer 22

Reabsorption of Na K and Cl by active transportation

Question 23

Distal convoluted tubule

Answer 23

Reabsorption of Na by active transportation

Reabsorption of h2o by osmosis

Active secretions of hydrogen ions

Question 24

Collecting duct

Answer 24

Reabsorption of h2o by osmosis

Question 25

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

Answer 25

Are mechanoreceptors that detect changes in bp and secrete renin

Question 26

Glomerular Filtration

Answer 26

Urine formation begins when waste , water, and dissolved materials are filtered out of the glomerular capillary

Question 27

Urine excretion

Answer 27

Glomerular filtration + tubular secretion - tubular reabsorption

Question 28

Filtration pressure

Answer 28

Net force acting to move material out of glomerulus and into the glomerular capsule

Question 29

Forces favoring filtration

Answer 29

Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure and capsular osmotic pressure

Question 30

Forces opposing filtration

Answer 30

Capsular hydrostatic pressure and glomerular capillary osmotic pressure