Urinary system

Question 1

What is the renal column

Answer 1

The renal column is in between the medulla of the cortex

Question 2

What is the renal lobe?

Answer 2

The renal lobe is the part the cortex medula and renal column

Question 3

What blood vessel comes after the segmental artery

Answer 3

The interlobar artery comes after

Question 4

What are the 5 artery blood vessels of the kidney

Answer 4

The renal, segmental, interlobar, arcuate, and cortical radiate

Question 5

What makes up the renal corpuscle

Answer 5

The glomerulus and the glomerular capsule

Question 6

Whats the difference between artery blood supply of kidney and the venous

Answer 6

The venuos does not have a segmental vein

Question 7

What part of the nephron are in the mdeulla and what parts are in the cortex

Answer 7

The loop of henley (nephron loop) and part of the collecting duct while the cortex has the glomerular capsule and glomerulus, the proximal convoluted tubule, and the DCT

Question 8

Where do the ureters enter the urinary bladder

Answer 8

They enter inferiorly on the bladder on the

Question 9

Urinary system functions

Answer 9

Produce store and excrete urine, regulate blood volume, and regulate ion balance

Question 10

What is the renal lobe made up of

Answer 10

It is made up of the medulla, renal column, and cortex

Question 11

Why is the right kidney lower than the left kidney

Answer 11

The right is lower because the liver takes up a lot of space

Question 12

What is the difference between the minor and major calyx

Answer 12

The minor calyx is between the renal columns while the major calyx is where urine pools from the minor calyx

Question 13

What is the renal fascia

Answer 13

This is the dense connective tissue that anchors the kidney

Question 14

What are the supportive tissue layers of the kidney

Answer 14

The fibrous capsule, fat and renal fascia

Question 15

What are the structures blood flows through in the renal veins

Answer 15

Cortical radiate, arcuate, interlobar, renal artery to the heart

Question 16

What are the structures that makeup the nephron

Answer 16

Renal corpuscle (Bowman’s capsule), proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule and the collecting duct

Question 17

What is the renal corpuscle made of and what do they do and why is pressure important here

Answer 17

It is made up of a glomerular capsule that houses the capillaries ad the glomerulus which is are capillaries that allow for filtrate to come out of the blood. High pressure here to drive filtration

Question 18

Why is the winding of the nephron important

Answer 18

This allows for an increase in surface area so that there is better reabsorption

Question 19

What are the two convoluted tubules of the nephron and what do they do

Answer 19

The descending nephron loop reabsorbs water, while the ascending loop reabsorbs solutes

Question 20

What is used by the tubules to reabsorb water and which hormone does the distal use to reabsorb

Answer 20

They use hormones and the DCT uses aldosterone to reabsorb sodium

Question 21

What happens in the collecting duct

Answer 21

Reabsorption and secretion

Question 22

What is the urinary tract composed of and what its function

Answer 22

It is composed of the ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. Its function is to store transport and excrete urine

Question 23

What are the three layers of ureters

Answer 23

There is the adventitia which is the outermost and consists of fibrous connective tissue, the muscularis which is two layers of smooth muscle, then there is the mucosa which is the innermost

Question 24

What is the urinary bladder

Answer 24

This is a collapsible muscular sac that stores urine until it is excreted

Question 25

What are the trigone and the three layers of the bladder

Answer 25

The trigone is a triangular area within the bladder that houses the offices and the entrance of urine into the urethra. The three layers are the adventitia made of areolar connective tissue, muscularis known as detrusor muscle, and the mucosa which has the rugae on it

Question 26

What is the urethra, what are the two sphincters, and which is voluntary

Answer 26

It is a tube that excretes urine out of the body. The two sphincters are the internal and external urethral sphincters only the external is voluntary