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Med Term > Urinary System > Flashcards

Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

dialysis

A

mechanical filtering process used to remove metabolic waste products from blood, draw of excess fluids, and regulate body chemistry when kidneys fail to function properly

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2
Q

electrolytes

A

solutions that conduct electricity, such as acids, bases, and salts (sodium,potassium)

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3
Q

metabolism

A

sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place within an organism

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4
Q

pH

A

symbol for degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance

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5
Q

cyst/o

A

bladder

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6
Q

vesic/o

A

bladder

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7
Q

glomerul/o

A

glomerulus

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8
Q

meat/o

A

opening, meatus

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9
Q

nephr/o

A

kidney

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10
Q

ren/o

A

kidney

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11
Q

pyel/o

A

renal pelvis

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12
Q

ur/o

A

urine, urinary tract

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13
Q

urin/o

A

urine, urinary tract

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14
Q

ureter/o

A

ureter

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15
Q

urethr/o

A

urethra

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16
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

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17
Q

-iasis

A

abnormal condition (produced by something specified)

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18
Q

-lysis

A

separation; destruction; loosening

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19
Q

-pathy

A

disease

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20
Q

-pexy

A

fixation (of an organ)

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21
Q

-ptosis

A

prolapse, downward displacement

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22
Q

-tripsy

A

crushing

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23
Q

-uria

A

urine

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24
Q

an-

A

without, not

25
Q

poly-

A

many, much

26
Q

supra-

A

above; excessive; superior

27
Q

azoturia

A

increase of nitrogenous substances, especially urea, in urine

28
Q

cystocele

A

bulging of the urinary bladder through the wall of the vagina as a result of weakening of supportive tissue between the bladder and the vagina; also called prolapsed bladder

29
Q

diuresis

A

increased formation and secretion of urine

30
Q

dysuria

A

painful of difficult urination, typically caused by a urinary tract condition, such as cystitis

31
Q

edema

A

abnormal accumulation of fluids in the cells, tissues, or other parts of the body that may be a sign of kidney failure of other disease

32
Q

end-stage renal disease (ESRD)

A

kidney disease that has advanced to the point where the kidneys can no longer adequately filter blood, and eventually necessitating dialysis or renal transplantation for survival; also called chronic renal failure

33
Q

enuresis

A

involuntary discharge of urine after the age at which bladder control should be established

34
Q

hypospadias

A

abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis

35
Q

interstitial nephritis

A

form of nephritis in which pathological changes in renal interstitial result in destruction of nephrons and severe impairment in renal function

36
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

formation of calculi in the kidney that results when substances that are normally dissolved in urine solidify

37
Q

renal hypertension

A

high blood pressure that results from kidney disease

38
Q

uremia

A

elevated level of urea and other nitrogenous waste products in blood; also called azotemia

39
Q

urinary tract infection (UTI)

A

infection of the kidneys, ureters, or bladder by microorganisms that either ascend from the urethra or spread to the kidney through the bloodstream

40
Q

wilms tumor

A

malignant neoplasm of the kidney that occurs in young children, usually under 5, and includes common early signs, such as hypertension, a palpable mass, pain, and hematuria; also called nephroblastoma

41
Q

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

A

laboratory test that measures the amount of urea in blood and demonstrates the kidneys’ ability to filter urea from blood for excretion in urine

42
Q

culture & sensitivity (C&S)

A

laboratory test that isolates and grows colonies of microorganisms to identify a pathogen and to determine which drugs might be effective for combating an infection

43
Q

kidneys, ureters, bladder (KUB)

A

radiographic examination to determine the location, size, shape, and possible malformation of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder

44
Q

pyelography

A

radiographic study of the kidneys, ureters, and usually the bladder after injection of a contrast agent

45
Q

intravenous pyelography (IVP)

A

radiographic imaging in which a contrast medium is injected intravenously and serial x-ray films are taken to provide visualization of the entire urinary tract

46
Q

retrograde pyelography (RP)

A

radiographic imaging in which a contrast medium is introduced through a cystoscope directly into the bladder and ureters to provide detailed visualization of the urinary structures and to locate urinary tract obstruction

47
Q

renal scan

A

nuclear medicine imaging procedure that determines renal function and shape through measurement of a radioactive substance injected intravenously that concentrates in one of the kidneys

48
Q

urinanalysis (UA)

A

physical, chemical, and microscopic analysis of urine

49
Q

voiding cystourethrography (VCUG)

A

radiography of the bladder and urethra during the process of voiding urine after filling the bladder with a contrast medium

50
Q

catheterization

A

insertion of a catheter (hollow flexible tube) into a body cavity or organ to instill a substance or remove fluid, most commonly through the urethra into the bladder to withdraw urine

51
Q

cystoscopy

A

insertion of a rigid or flexible cystoscope through the urethra to examine the urinary bladder, obtain biopsy specimens to tumors or other growths and remove polyps

52
Q

lithotripsy

A

method of removing stones by crushing them into smaller pieces so that they can be expelled in urine

53
Q

extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL)

A

use of powerful soundwave vibrations to break up stones in the kidneys

54
Q

nephrolithotomy

A

surgical procedure that involves a small incision in the skin and insertion of an endoscope into the kidney to remove a renal calculus

55
Q

renal transplantation

A

organ transplantation of a kidney in a patient with end-stage renal disease; also called kidney transplant transplantation

56
Q

ureteral stent

A

insertion of a thin tube into the ureter to prevent or treat obstruction of urine flow from the kidney

57
Q

antibiotics

A

treat bacterial infections of the urinary tract by acting on the bacterial membrane or one of its metabolic processes

58
Q

antispasmodics

A

decrease spasms in the urethra and bladder by relaxing the smooth muscles lining their walls, allowing normal emptying of the bladder

59
Q

diuretics

A

block reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys, increasing the amount of salt and water excreted in urine

Med Term (11 decks)

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