Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Paediatrics > Urology > Flashcards

Urology Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the deep ring lie

A

1/2 between ASIS and PS then slightly up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where does the superficial ring lie

A

Superior and medial to pubic tubercle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the anatomy of the inguinal canal

A 
Anterior = external oblique
Floor = inguinal ligament
Posterior = transverse abdominas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the contents of the inguinal canal

A

Vas deferens or round ligament
Testicular artery and vein
Genitofemoral nerve
Ilioinguinal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are indications for orchidopexy (moving a testcile)

A 
Fertility
Malignancy
Trauma
Torsion
Cosmesis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does orchidopexy do

A

Deals with patent PV

In adults have to insert a mesh as hernia due to wear and tear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is patent processes vaginalis

A

Descends with testis and closes of deep ring
If big = hernia
If small= hydrocele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is an indirect inguinal hernia

A

Through deep ring in children

Most common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What causes

A

Patent PPV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a direct inguinal hernia

A

Pushes through defect in abdominal wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does inguinal hernia present

A 
Groin swelling 
SEPARATE from testis
CANT get above
Can reduce
Comes back when stand up or cough
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are symptoms if incarcerates

A 
Red 
Pain
Swelling
Vomit
Bloating
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When are inguinal hernia common

A

Pre-term

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do you Dx

A

USS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When do you do urgent surgery and why

A

If <1 as high risk of incarceration and strangulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What do you do if >1

A

Elective surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What do you do if incarcerated

A

Reduce and repair

18
Q

How does a hydrocele form

A

Peritoneal fluid through deep ring due to PPV

19
Q

How does hydrocele present

A 
Scrotal swelling
Painless 
Can't separate as fluid all around
Transilluminate
CAN"T reduce
Can feel above
Decreases lying flat and gets worse through the day
20
Q

How do you Dx and Rx

A

USS
Conservative until 5
Usually resolves

21
Q

What is cryptorchidism

A

Any testis that cannot be manipulated into bottom 1/2 of the scrotum

  • FH
  • LBW
  • Premature
  • SGA
22
Q

What are types of Cryptorchidism

A

True - between kidney and inguinal
Ectopic - abnormal place
Retractile - can massage intro scrotum
Ascending - as grow ascends up

23
Q

When do you consider referral

A

3 months

24
Q

When do you treat

A

Surgery if haven’t dropped by age 1

25
Q

What are risks of undescended testis

A

Infertility
Torsion
Testicular cancer
Psychological

26
Q

What are definite indications for circumcision

A

BXO - chronic scarring/. lichen sclerosis of foreskin

Can’t retract

27
Q

What are other indications

A

Religion
Phismosis
Recurrent balantits
Paraphismosis

28
Q

What ae advantages

A

Malignancy
UTI
STI
Sexual

29
Q

What are disadvantages

A

Pain
Bleeding
Stenosis
Fistula

30
Q

How do you treat phismosis

A

Physiological if <2
Will retract
Steroid cream
Don’t force as cause a scar

31
Q

When do you treat

A

> 2

Recurrent UTI / balanaprosthitis

32
Q

When should you never circumcise

A

If hydrospadia

Risk of stricture

33
Q

What does BXO lead to

A

Phismosis
Stenosis
Pain on urination and sex

34
Q

What is a hydrospadia

A

Uretral meatus on distal ventral aspect

  • Difficulty urine
  • Difficult sex
35
Q

What is associated with hydrospadia

A

Upper tract anomaly
Ambigious genitalia
Cryptochodism

36
Q

How do you Dx

A

USS

37
Q

How do you treat

A

Surgery before 2

38
Q

What can cause an acute scrotum

A 
Torsion testi
Torsion appendix testi
Epididymitis
Orchitis
Trauma
Haematocele
Incarceration
39
Q

How does it present

A

Sudden onset pain
Swelling
Red or blue
Hard
Lop sided / Retracted testis but can be normal
Autonomic - N+V / unwell
Asbsent cresmater but can be present - scratch inner thy

40
Q

What increases risk of torsion

A

Bell clapper deformity

41
Q

How do you Dx

A

If torsion - don’t USS as no time

Straight to theatre and fix BOTH testis

42
Q

Orchitis

A

Mumps serology

Paediatrics (35 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions