US History Flashcards
What is Authority?
Authority is power combined with the right to use that power,To have the power behind them, to control someone with the right to do so.
What is Power
Power is the ability to control or direct something or someone
What is customs?
Traditions, a long established practice considered as unwritten law.
What is a principle of morality?
Basic ideas of what is right and what is wrong, differentiating between what is right and wrong
Roanoke
Site of first English colony in the Americas, starting in 1585
Boycott
To refuse to buy
Quartering Act
1765 It required the colonies to quarter (provide housing and supplies for the soldiers)
Boston Massacre
The clash in 1770 between British troops and a group of Bostonians in which 5 colonists were killed
King George III
King George was the king of Great Britain during the American Revolution. He passed many harsh and unfair laws taking away the rights of the colonists that eventually led to the Revolution
Proclamation of 1763
The British Decree prohibiting colonial settlement west of the Appalachians.
Lexington/Concord
The two places where there was a fight between the rebels and the British soldiers, and that’s what started the Revolutionary War.
Stamp Act
The 1765 British degree taxing all legal papers issued in the colonie
Declaration of Independence
The document adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, establishing the United States as a nation independent of Great Britain.
Boston Tea Party
The 1773 protest against British trade policies in which patriots boarded vessels of the East India Company and threw the tea into the Boston Harbor.
Plymouth Colony
In 1620 a small group of English settlers landed in Massachusetts they were looking for religious freedom and no taxes.
Jamestown
First successful colony in the new world, in Jamestown, Virginia
Articles of Confederation
The plan ratified by the states in 1781, that established a national congress with limited power. It was replaced with the Constitution.
Treaty of Paris
The treaty ending the revolutionary war. 1783
Bill of Rights
The first ten amendments to the constitution, guaranteeing the basic rights of American citizens. (i.e freedom of speech)
Parliament
The assembly of representatives who make laws in England.
Constitution
A framework of government. Created in 1787 and includes the legislative, Judicial, and Executive Branches. It’s our current framework of government.
3/5 Compromise
a clause to allow a slave to be counted as three-fifths of a person for the purposes of representation in the Congress. It was proposed in July 1787 during the drafting of the U.S. Constitution at the Constitutional Convention. It was put down by the 13th amendment
Manifest Destiny
The belief that it was the destiny of the United States to expand to its natural borders.
Compromise?
A solution that satisfies both sides/parties
Congress?
A body of elected officials who meet to debate and pass laws
Constitution?
A document that describes the basic laws and organization of a state or country
Delegates?
A person chosen to represent another person
Executive?
The brach of government that enforces the laws; president, vice president
Federal?
A type of government in which the states are united under one central power
Judicial?
The branch of the government that contains the courts, including the Supreme court and the judges
Legislative?
The branch of government that makes the laws, two parts of the Congress are the Senate and the House of Representatives
Preamble?
The introduction, the introductory part of the constitution that explains the reasons for and the purposes of the laws
Revolutionary War? (When, what,why?)
From 1775-1783, A war that gave the 13 colonies independence from Great Britain, For freedom
Unanimous?
For everyone to agree
Amendments?
A change or a addition to a legal document. This is why the constitution is called “Living Document”. Constitution has 27 amendments
First Amendment states….
Freedom of religion and speech
1st Amendment
1.Congress cannot make a law that affects the establishment of religion, restricts a person’s right or the press’s right to free speech, or restricts the right of people to gather together in a peaceful manner.
2nd Amendment
2.Citizens have the right to own guns.
3rd Amendments
3.During times of peace soldiers cannot take up residence in someone else’s house without that owner’s permission.
4th Amendments
4.A person, his house and belongings cannot be searched or taken, and he cannot be given a warrant without good reason.
5th Amendments
5.You cannot be tried for a serious crime without a Grand Jury deciding there is enough evidence for a trial. You can not self- incriminate.
6th Amendments
6.A person should be given a speedy and public trial by a jury of his peers in the state and district where he committed the crime.
7th Amendment
7.A person has the right to a jury in a civil case where more than $20 is being disputed.
8th Amendment
8.Excessive bail and/or fines shall not be ordered, and cruel and unusual punishments can’t be imposed
9th Amendment
9.You have rights beyond those listed in the Constitution.
10th Amendment
10.Areas and laws that aren’t governed or prohibited directly by the Constitution may be made by individual states
Articles of Confederation
The plan ratified by the states in 1781, that established a national congress with limited power. It was replaced with the Constitution.
Constitutional Convention
The meeting of state delegates in Philadelphia in 1787 that resulted in the writing of the Constitution.
New Jersey Plan
a plan, unsuccessfully proposed at the Constitutional Convention, providing for a single legislative house with equal representation for each state.
Virginia Plan
a plan, unsuccessfully proposed at the Constitutional Convention, providing for a legislature of two houses with proportional representation in each house and executive and judicial branches to be chosen by the legislature.
Federalist
A person who favored the plan of government created by the Constitution.
Anti-Federalist
A person who opposed ratification of the Constitution.
Frontier Line
The land between civilization and wilderness.
Northwest Territory
The land north of the Ohio River & was created into 5 states
Surveyed
To measure land to determine the exact boundaries of a given area. Used for townships
Northwest Ordinance
The 1787 law that set forth a plan of government for the townships 36 sq miles at one dollar an acre in the Northwest Territory. Created by Thomas Jefferson. The law banned slavery, gave freedom of religion and trial by jury. 60,000 citizens in territory to apply for statehood.
Republicanism
For the country to thrive its citizens need certain virtues. These include a sense of equality, simplicity, and to sacrifice for the public good.