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History > USA Topic 3 > Flashcards

USA Topic 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Where did black americans serve in ww2?

A

Segregrated units

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2
Q

By …. how many black americans in US army and were officers

A

750,000 in US army, hundreds were officers

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3
Q

Where were Black soldiers not allowed?

A

Into combat in the Marines

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4
Q

US Air-Force didnt accept-?

A

Black pilots

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5
Q

What jobs were black soldiers given?

A

Menial tasks or made to do most dangerous tasks

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6
Q

Who supported integrated combat units?

A

US Supreme Commander, Eisenhower

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7
Q

When did the army change from most to least segregated.

A

1955

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8
Q

By 1945 how many black pilots and how many black sailors had to risen to rank of officer?

A

600 pilots, 58 sailors

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9
Q

What started at home to gain improved civil rights as well as victory in war?

A

Double V campaign

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10
Q

Who issued an executive order which stopped discrimination in industrial and government jobs?

A

Roosevelt

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11
Q

How many Black Americans in gov jobs by end of war?

A

200,000

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12
Q

Racial tension still existed…….?

A

Led to race riots in 47 cities, in Detroit in 1943, 25 black and 9 white people killed with 700+ injuries

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13
Q

When was Brown vs Board

A

1954

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14
Q

What was Brown vs Board

A

First case to challenge segregation in education put forward case against ‘separate but equal’ Jim crow laws

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15
Q

When was segregation in schools made unconstitutional?

A

1954

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16
Q

What happened despite segregation in school was unconstitutional?

A

2.4m black children still in segregated schools in 1957

17
Q

Who did little to encourage integration until he was forced to by events?

A

President Eisenhower

18
Q

Little Rock

A

1957, state governor, Faubus ordered national guardsman to block entry of Elizabeth Eckford and 8 other students. The media coverage of vicious white crowd embarrassed a nation that championed freedom and equality

19
Q

What happened after nation got embarrassed as of what happened at little Rock?

A

Eisenhower sent 1000 federal troops to Little Rock, faubus closed all schools in area to prevent integration until 1959

20
Q

James Meredith

A

In 1962, JFK sent 320 federal marshals to escort James meredith into uni, After Riots, JFK sent a further 2000 troops to restore order

21
Q

Rosa Parks arrested

A

Dec 1955

22
Q

What formed after Rosa parks was arrested and who got involved?

A

Montgomery Improvemtn Association (MIA) MLK and Ralph Abernathy

23
Q

What did MLK declare about his views?

A

African Americans were tired of being humiliated and oppressed in their own country, but they would use peaceful means to persuade people to follow their cause

24
Q

What happened to mlk and parks for organising an illegal boycott?

A

Kings home was firebombed, both arrested

25
Q

When did supreme court rule segregation was unconstitutional?

A

Dec 1956

26
Q

Sit in protests

A

Students endured assults and violence but didnt retaliate,put pressure on local economy and was successful

27
Q

Womens liberation front

A

Radical feminists, protested against any sign of male supremacy, methods gained publicity but were very redicule eg bra burning, werent taken seriously

28
Q

NOW (national organisation for women)

A

Established by Betty Freidan, 40,000 members by 1970s, challenged discrimination

29
Q

What did mlk lead

A

MIA, SCLC

30
Q

Where did mlk target and why

A

Birmingham, alabama-large black american population and racist chief of police (bull connor)

31
Q

When king was arrested he did what

A

Wrote his ‘letter from Birmingham jail’ highlighting how slow progress was in usa towards civil rights

32
Q

I have a dream speech

A

March on washington 1963, 250,000 deomonstrators came from all over usa, speech was televised across usa and put pressure on jfk to pass his civil rights bill

33
Q

Who passed civil rights act and when

A

1964, Johnson

History (14 decks)

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