Varney midterm

Question 1

Prime Meridian

Answer 1

the line of longitude that is 0 degrees; lines of longitude are measured east or west of it

Question 2

Equator

Answer 2

the line of latitude that is 0 degrees; lines of latitude are measured north and south of it.

Question 3

International Date Line

Answer 3

the imaginary line crossing the Pacific Ocean that determines the calendar date east and west of it (If west of it, the date may be a day ahead)

Question 4

Political map

Answer 4

a map that shows the governmental boundaries between counties, states, countries; also shows cities and capitals (“people-made” things).

Question 5

Physical Map

Answer 5

a map that shows physical features such as mountains, plains, deserts, lakes, and rivers (“nature-made” things)

Question 6

Propaganda

Answer 6

information designed to influence opinion; It uses images and words to stir emotion

Question 7

Bias

Answer 7

a prejudice or unfair preference in favor of one opinion or point of view

Question 8

Reliable

Answer 8

dependable; fact-based

Question 9

Primary Source

Answer 9

a firsthand account or source of information created in the time period an historical event occurred; some examples of primary sources can be diaries, artifacts, letters, newspaper articles, photographs, and original documents.

Question 10

Secondary Source

Answer 10

a source created in a later time period using primary sources and other secondary sources; a textbook is a good example of a secondary source

Question 11

Artifact

Answer 11

an object made by humans used to learn about the past

Question 12

Work Cited Page

Answer 12

another name for a bibliography or list of the sources a person used in writing a paper; It is made up of citations, each of which has the author, title(s), publishing information of each source used

Question 13

MLA

Answer 13

stands for Modern Language Association; This is a group of experts on language who make a set of rules about how to write and cite information in a research paper; history students follow these rules in the papers they write.

Question 14

Rebellion

Answer 14

an overthrow of a government or system and a replacement of it with something new

Question 15

Militia

Answer 15

a group of non-professional soldiers who fight when needed; the first armed soldiers in the Revolutionary War were members of a militia

Question 16

Patriot

Answer 16

a person who loves his/her country and will fight to defend it; during the Revolutionary War, the Patriots were those colonists who supported the fight for independence from Great Britain

Question 17

Loyalist

Answer 17

a colonist in the 13 Colonies who was loyal to Great Britain and did not want to fight for independence

Question 18

Continental Army

Answer 18

the first national army of the United States; it fought during the Revolutionary War; George Washington was its commander

Question 19

Legacy

Answer 19

something that is handed down by someone in the past; something a person has done in the past that contributes to how people live now; Alexander Hamilton’s __blank______ was a country with a strong financial system because he did things during his life that helped our country pay off debts, invest money, and handle our finances.

Question 20

The Enlightenment

Answer 20

Also called the “Age of Reason”; a time period in Europe beginning in the late 1600s and lasting throughout the 1700s in which people’s understanding of God, humans, and nature began to change; people were encouraged to ask questions and use science and their own natural intelligence to understand themselves, society, and their universe.

Question 21

Natural Rights

Answer 21

the rights all people are given by nature of being human: life, liberty, and property; in the Declaration of Independence they are referred to as “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.”

Question 22

George Washington

Answer 22

Commander of the Continental Army; became the first president of the United States of America

Question 23

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 23

main writer of the Declaration of Independence; writer, architect, inventor, and politician; he became third president of the United States

Question 24

Alexander Hamilton

Answer 24

immigrant from an island in the West Indies who became Washington’s “aide-de-camp” (assistant) during the Revolutionary War and was later appointed his Secretary of the Treasury in his first cabinet of advisors; he was an important founding father whose ideas and writings helped to establish the government and financial system we have today.

Question 25

Thomas Paine

Answer 25

writer during the Revolutionary War whose pamphlets, “Common Sense” and “The Crisis” influenced people to support the war for independence from Great Britain

Question 26

John Locke

Answer 26

Enlightenment philosopher who came up with the concept of natural rights; his ideas greatly influenced the writing of the Declaration of Independence