VCE Unit 2 CH 9-15 exam revision

Question 1

Adaptation

Answer 1

Features that help an organism survive in a habitat

Question 2

Structural adaptation

Answer 2

Relates to how an organism is formed

Question 3

Physiological adaptation

Answer 3

An internal response to an organism’s environment.

Question 4

Afferent neuron

Answer 4

Sensory neuron that takes information to CNS

Question 5

Efferent neuron

Answer 5

Motor neuron that conveys information from CNS to body.

Question 6

Neurotransmitter

Answer 6

A substance released from an axon terminal through a synaptic cleft to excite or inhibit a target cell.

Question 7

Phytohormone

Answer 7

Chemicals that regulate plant growth

Question 8

Function of Auxin

Answer 8

A phytohormone that stimulates cell elongation

Question 9

Function of Cytokinins

Answer 9

A phytohormone that stimulates cell division and germination

Question 10

Ethylene

Answer 10

A phytohormone that stimulates ripening, cellular respiration, and removing fruit form stems (ripening).

Question 11

Absiscic acid

Answer 11

A phytohormone that stimulates stomatal closure during periods of water stress, and maintains dormancy.

Question 12

Gibberellins

Answer 12

A phytohormone that stimulates bud development and shoot elongation; can raise flower heads.

Question 13

Behavioural adaptaion

Answer 13

An action occurring in response to the environment.

Question 14

Phototropism

Answer 14

A plant moving in response to light

Question 15

Geotropism

Answer 15

A plant moving (or germinating) in response to gravity

Question 16

Heliotropism

Answer 16

A plant moving in response to THE DIRECTION OF sunlight

Question 17

Hydrotropism

Answer 17

A plant moving in response to water

Question 18

Thigmotropism

Answer 18

A plant moving in response to touch

Question 19

Chemotropism

Answer 19

A plant moving in response to chemicals

Question 20

Photoperiodism

Answer 20

The plants’ response to particular lengths of day and night.

Question 21

Homeostasis

Answer 21

The maintenance of internal conditions within a narrow range.

Question 22

Conditioning - general

Answer 22

A learned behavior where an animal responds to a stimulus that doesn’t normally elicit a response.

Question 23

2 types of conditioning

Answer 23

Classical: reward follows stimulus

Operant :Trial-and-error where reward follows response.

Question 24

Habituation

Answer 24

When an animal learns to ignore meaningless or nonthreatening stimuli.

Question 25

Insight learning

Answer 25

When an animal uses past experiences to solve new problems; most highly developed in humans.

Question 26

Imprinting

Answer 26

The formation of a close emotional bond after birth to the closest object within a size range.

Question 27

Decomposers

Answer 27

Organisms that break down dead or decaying organic matter before consuming/ingesting the nutrients.

Question 28

Detritivores

Answer 28

Organisms that consume dead or decaying organic matter before breaking it down.

Question 29

Autotrophs

Answer 29

Producers; organisms that produce own energy from sunlight.

Question 30

Heterotrophs

Answer 30

Consumers; organisms that obtain energy by consuming other organisms.

Question 31

Persistent chemicals

Answer 31

Chemicals that do not break down easily and remain in the environment a long time after use.

Question 32

Bioaccumulation

Answer 32

The progressively increasing concentration of a chemical as it moves through trophic levels.

Question 33

Competition and types

Answer 33

When organisms strive to obtain scarce resources. Intra refers to between members of same species, interspecific refers to between members of different species.

Question 34

Mutualism

Answer 34

Symbiotic relationship where one both organisms benefit. eg clownfish and anemone

Question 35

Parasitism

Answer 35

Symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is harmed. eg ticks and dogs

Question 36

Commensalism

Answer 36

Symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is unaffected. eg whale and barnacles

Question 37

Niche

Answer 37

An organism’s place in its environment, including where it sleeps, where it feeds, what it feeds on, etc.

Question 38

Balanced cellular respiration equation

Answer 38

C6H12O6+ 6O2 –> 6CO2+ 6H2O

Question 39

Balanced photosynthesis equation

Answer 39

6CO2+ 6H2O –> C6H12O6+ 6O2