ventilation and training parameters

Question 1

what’s the gradient across a respiratory membrane on Po2

Answer 1

65mmHg

Question 2

which values change drastically during heavy exercise?

Answer 2

PO2 in systemic veins (after muscle)

Question 3

what causes not all HB to be fully loaded

Answer 3

not enough time

Question 4

Arterial O2 content

Answer 4

20mL O2 / 100mL blood

Question 5

mixed venous O2 at rest

Answer 5

15-16mL O2 / 100mL blood

Question 6

mixed venous O2 at exercise

Answer 6

4-5mL O2/ 100mL blood
avo2 diff = 15-16mL O2/ 100mL blood

Question 7

horses avo2 diff during exercise 23mL/100mL

Answer 7

more hb = more oxygen
have a spleen full of RBC and release hb into blood stream
increase carrying capacity

Question 8

training and vital capacity

Answer 8

increases with height weight and fat free mass, not affected by physical activity

Question 9

dead space ventilation

Answer 9

vol of air which is inhaled that doesn’t take part in gas exchange (remains in conducting airways)

Question 10

anatomic dead space mL

Answer 10

150

Question 11

what’s more efficient, more breaths or deeper breaths

Answer 11

deeper: greater tidal vol = increased vol of air reaching alveoli per breath (dead space ventilation decreased)
lower respiratory frequency = more time for pulmonary diffusion to occur

Question 12

training differences in minute ventilation

Answer 12

more H+ more CO2 in less trained = increased ventilation

Question 13

tidal volume and breathing frequency at max

Answer 13

tidal volume isn’t trained by max respiratory frequency can

Question 14

breathing patterns and endurance training

Answer 14

slower = increase efficiency
endurance trained people at max have a higher respiratory rate necessary to overcome higher O2 requirement at higher intensity

Question 15

hyperpnea

Answer 15

O2 cost of increase ventilation

Question 16

what is oxygen cost of exercise

Answer 16

fraction of VO2 max that goes to muscles.

increases if working at a higher intensity (closer to vo2 max) positive linear relationship

Question 17

which is greater. max voluntary ventilation or ventilation at max exercise

Answer 17

maximal voluntary ventilation

Question 18

exercise and respiratory muscle fatigue

Answer 18

inspiratory mouth pressure decreased after exercise = impacts capacity to generate pressure by the mouth

Question 19

why does max exercise effect respiratory muscles

Answer 19

competition for blood flow
elevated acidity

Question 20

fatiguing respiratory muscles

Answer 20

cycling to exhaustion at 92% max power
loading muscles (inspiratory resistive) and unloading muscles (assist ventilator)
measure quads twitch force

Question 21

quads twitch force after fatiguing respiratory muscles

Answer 21

making breathing easier = doesn’t drop as much
making breathing harder = larger drop

peripheral muscle is impacted by breathing

Question 22

leg blood flow and leg oxygen uptake

Answer 22

measure blood flow and O2 uptake (femoral blood flow)

found harder you breath, less blood goes through legs and less O2 take up

Question 23

metaboreflex

Answer 23

security system of body
causing reduced blood flow to working muscles via sympathetic vasoconstriction when respiratory muscles are fatigued