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Virology > VIrology Path > Flashcards

VIrology Path Flashcards

1
Q

Define Viremia

A

Blood-borne spread of virus

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2
Q

What are the (2) key mechanisms for Interferon inhibition of protein synthesis and thus virus replication?

A
  1. Production of A-synthetase (leading to mRNA degradation)
  2. Production of protein kinase (leading to an inhibition of formation of an initiation complex)
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3
Q

Poliovirus

  1. Major dz caused
  2. Genetic information
  3. Transmission
  4. Dx
A
  1. Poliomyelitis
  2. +ssRNA
  3. Fecal-Oral
  4. Sequencing by RT-PCR by the CDC
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4
Q

Poliovirus

  1. Basics of pathogenesis
  2. Vaccines
  3. Anti-viral therapy
  4. Long term consequences
A
  1. Viremia → invasion of CNS → lytic destruction of anterior horn cells
  2. Live-attenuated oral vaccine (Sabin) or killed-virus IM injection (Salk) → all (3) serotypes included for both vaccines
  3. No anti-viral therapy
  4. Long-lived protective immunity or paralysis
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5
Q

Coxsackie Virus

  1. Major dz caused
  2. Genetic information
  3. Transmission
  4. Dx
A
  1. Hand, foot, mouth dz
  2. +ssRNA
  3. Fecal-oral
  4. Clinical dx or RT-PCR
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6
Q

Coxsackie Virus

  1. Basics of Path
  2. Vaccines
  3. Anti-viral therapy
  4. Long-term consequences
A
  1. Viremia, target skin, cell death
  2. No vaccine
  3. No-anti-viral therapy
  4. Long-lived protective immunity
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7
Q

EV-D68

  1. Major dz caused
  2. Genetic information
  3. Transmission
  4. Dx
A
  1. Respiratory Infxn
  2. +ss RNA
  3. Respiratory and contact with contaminated surfaces
  4. PCR and/or isolate virus and culture for cytopathic effect
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8
Q

EV-D68

  1. Basics of Path
  2. Vaccines
  3. Anti-viral therapy
  4. Long term consequences
A
  1. Viremia leading to repiratory tract infection
  2. No vaccines
  3. Pleconaril can treat severe cases
  4. Long-lived protective immunity
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9
Q

Hep A

  1. Major dz caused
  2. Genetic information
  3. Transmission
  4. Dx
A
  1. Hepatitis
  2. +ssRNA
  3. Fecal-Oral
  4. IgM serology by antibody capture
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10
Q

Hep A

  1. Basics of Path
  2. Vaccines
  3. Anti-viral Therapy
  4. Long term consequences
A
  1. Viremia that targets liver
  2. Kill-virus vaccine
  3. Vaccine can be given during prodrone of infectious and actually suppress it
  4. Long-lived protective immunity
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11
Q

Rotavirus

  1. Major dz caused
  2. Genetic information
  3. Transmission
  4. Dx
A
  1. Diarrhea
  2. DS segmented RNA
  3. Fecal-oral
  4. Viral antigen in stool detected by EIA (enzyme autoimmune assay)
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12
Q

Rotavirus

  1. Basics of path
  2. Vaccines
  3. Anti-viral Therapy
  4. Long-term consequences
A
  1. Local replication, enterotoxin production
  2. Rotateq and Rotaric
  3. None
  4. Short-term immunity, less severe reinfection
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13
Q

Norovirus

  1. Major dz caused
  2. Genetic information
  3. Transmission
  4. Dx
A
  1. Diarrhea
  2. +ssRNA
  3. Fecal-Oral
  4. RT-PCR by film array
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14
Q

Norovirus

  1. Basics of path
  2. Vaccines
  3. Anti-viral Therapy
  4. Long-term Consequences
A
  1. Lysis and shedding of epithelial cells
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Type specific immunity
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15
Q

Influenza virus

  1. Major dz caused
  2. Genetic information
  3. Transmission
  4. Dx
A
  1. “The Flu”
  2. RNA, segmented, enveloped
  3. Respiratory
  4. Film array RT-PCR assay
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16
Q

Influenza virus

  1. Basics of path
  2. Vaccines
  3. Anti-viral Therapy
  4. Long-term Consequences
A
  1. Local replication in respiratory tract; necrosis of epithelial cells
  2. Live-attenuated and killed-virus
  3. Amantidine or Neuraminidase inhibitors
  4. Annual reinfection due to antigenic shift and drift
17
Q

Rhinovirus

  1. Major dz caused
  2. Genetic information
  3. Transmission
  4. Dx
A
  1. Common cold
  2. +RNA
  3. Respiratory
  4. Film array RT-PCR assay
18
Q

Rhinovirus

  1. Basics of path
  2. Vaccines
  3. Anti-viral Therapy
  4. Long-term Consequences
A
  1. Lytic replication in the respiratory epithelium
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Type-specific immunity
19
Q

Respiratory Syncytial Virus

  1. Major dz caused
  2. Genetic information
  3. Transmission
  4. Dx
A
  1. Severe lower respiratory tract infxn in children
  2. -ssRNA; enveloped
  3. Respiratory
  4. Film array RT-PCR assay
20
Q

Respiratory Syncytial Virus

  1. Basics of path
  2. Vaccines
  3. Anti-viral Therapy
  4. Long-term Consequences
A
  1. Local replication in respiratory tract; necrosis of epithelial cells
  2. Preventative monoclonal antibody- Palivizumab
  3. None
  4. Short-term immunity; less severe reinfection
21
Q

Parainfluenza Virus

  1. Major dz caused
  2. Genetic information
  3. Transmission
  4. Dx
A
  1. Croup
  2. -ss RNA; enveloped
  3. Respiratory
  4. Clinical dx or RT-PCR assay
22
Q

Parainfluenza virus

  1. Basics of path
  2. Vaccines
  3. Anti-viral Therapy
  4. Long-term Consequences
A
  1. Local replication in respiratory tract; necrosis of epithelial cells
  2. None
  3. Glucocorticoids for severe cases of croup
  4. Short-term immunity
23
Q

Mumps Virus

  1. Major dz caused
  2. Genetic information
  3. Transmission
  4. Dx
A
  1. Mumps
  2. -ss RNA enveloped
  3. Respiratory (before the parotitis)
  4. Clinical; confirmed by serology or sequencing performed by public health department
24
Q

Mumps Virus

  1. Basics of path
  2. Vaccines
  3. Anti-viral Therapy
  4. Long-term Consequences
A
  1. Replication in respiratory tract; viremia; targeting parotid gland
  2. Live-attenuated vaccine- MMR
  3. None
  4. Long-term immunity
25
Q

Measles Virus

  1. Major dz caused
  2. Genetic information
  3. Transmission
  4. Dx
A
  1. Measles
  2. -ss RNA; enveloped
  3. Respiratory
  4. Clinical; confirmed by serology or sequencing performed by public health department
26
Q

Measles Virus

  1. Basics of path
  2. Vaccines
  3. Anti-viral Therapy
  4. Long-term Consequences
A
  1. Replication in respiratory tract; viremia, targeting parotid gland
  2. Live-attenuated vaccine- MMR (w/ boosters)
  3. None
  4. Long-term immunity; rare SSPE (sub-acute sclerosing panencephalitis)
27
Q

Rubella Virus

  1. Major dz caused
  2. Genetic information
  3. Transmission
  4. Dx
A
  1. “German Measles”
  2. +ssRNA; enveloped
  3. Respiratory; mother to fetus
  4. Serology
28
Q

Rubella virus

  1. Basics of path
  2. Vaccines
  3. Anti-viral Therapy
  4. Long-term Consequences
A
  1. Replication in respiratory tract; viremia; rash
  2. Live-attenuated vaccine- MMR
  3. None
  4. Long-term immunity; Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Virology (1 decks)

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