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Vocab Nclex > Vocab > Flashcards

Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Define Preeclampsia

A

Complication of pregnancy, characterized by high blood pressure, protein in the urine (kidney damage) and swelling of hands and feet

If left untreated can be potentially fatal.

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2
Q

Worsening Preeclampsia leads to?

A

Seizures. Take seizure precautions

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3
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

A

CNS depressant (commonly prescribed to Preeclampsia patients)

Used to prevent/ control seizures

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4
Q

Clonus

A

Involuntary rhythmic muscle contractions by a permanent lesion

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5
Q

GCT (glucose challenge test)

A

Test used to SCREEN for GDM (gestational diabetes mellitus)

  • fasting not required
  • one blood sample is taken
  • client drinks 50g of glucose
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6
Q

Terbutaline

A

tocolytic drug: used to suppress uterine contractions in preterm labor

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7
Q

Indomethacin

A

Tocolytic

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8
Q

nifedipine

A

Tocolytic

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9
Q

UTI symptoms

A

urinary frequency. dysuria, foul smelling urine, sensation of fullness.

If left untreated during pregnancy, the affection will cause pyelonephritis (inflammation of the kidneys) which can cause preterm labor.

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10
Q

Symptoms of pyelonephritis

A

Flank Pain
Fever and Chills
CV tenderness
Nausea and vomitting

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11
Q

Babinski reflex

A

Toes fans out when lateral sol surface is stroked

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12
Q

Epsteins Pearls

A

Pearl like epithelia cysts, inside of baby mouth, disappear within a few weeks. Expected Finding in a neonate

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13
Q

True Labor

A

Contractions: Frequency , duration & intensity increase over time

Lower back to abdomen pain

Contractions increase despite comfort measures

Increase Cervical dilation

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14
Q

Nitrazine pH test

A

Blue = alkaline = bad (suggest rupture of membrane)

A false positive can occur if there is semen or blood prrsent

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15
Q

Mastitis

A

Warm Compress
Increase fluids
Take ibuprofen for the pain

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16
Q

Hirschsprung Disease (anticipated findings)

A

lack of special nerve cells in the distal large intestine

Distended abdomen
Inability to pass meconium
Feeding intolerance

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17
Q

Blood Pressure during pregnancy

A

Blood Pressure is suppose to decline steadily over time. an increase requires further assessment

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18
Q

Olgiohydramnios

A

Low amniotic fluid volume

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19
Q

Complications of Olgiohydramnios

A

Compressed cord (continuous feta monitoring is required)

Pulmonary hypoplasia (underdeveloped lungs) additional personnel is needed

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20
Q

Emesis

A

action or process of vomiting

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21
Q

Hyperemesis Gravidarum

A

severe, persistent, nausea and vomiting during pregnancy

Results in electrolyte imbalances, Nurtitional Imbalances, weightloss

Treatment: antiemetic therapy, IV fluid replacment

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22
Q

How do Infections affect pregnancy.

A

An infection can precipitate pre-term labor.

Two infections in particular are periodontal disease and UTIs

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23
Q

Pyrosis (Heart Burn)

A

Upright position after meals
Avoid triggers (fried, fatty food, chocolate, spicy foods, tomatoes, carbonated drinks)
Eat frequent but smaller meals
Avoid tight clothes

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24
Q

Anencephaly

A

Serious birth defect where child is born without parts of brain and head. Short time to live (couple of days)

25
Q

HIV during pregnancy

A

Transmission can occur at any point between antepartum and postpartum. ART is necessary during pregnancy to reduce transmission. Mothers with HIV should not breast fee.

26
Q

In labor when does the client feel like having a bowel movement

A

8cm dilated, 100 Effaced, +1 Station

At the end of the first stage. Client starts feeling rectal pressure.

27
Q

Complications Tertralogy of Fallot

A

In order to compensate for tissue hypoxia RBC increase in production which then leads to polycythemia. Which is bad because this increases the risk of blood clotting and thrombus formation.

28
Q

Cold Stress

A

Neonates metabolize BAT (Brown Adipose Tissue), They cant shiver because of there immature nervous systems and muscle tissue.

29
Q

Mongolian Spots

A

Benign discoloration of the skin seen in newborns of ethnicities with darker skin tones. Spots are blueish gray and fade over the first 1-2 years of life

30
Q

Normal amount of weight loss for baby

A

5-6% is normal due to fluid loss. Weight loss greater than 10% requires further assessment.

31
Q

Newborn age 4-24hours

A

If glucose is less than <35% allow newborn to breastfeed. Breast Milk will stabilize BG

32
Q

Oxytocin

A

Induces labor, administered through a secondary line and uses electric infusion pump, Nurses should initiate continuous Fetal Heart Rate monitoring, Assess uterine contraction pattern.

33
Q

Constipation during pregnancy

A

Increase raw fruits and veggies

Continue daily moderate exercise

34
Q

Genital Herpes Presentation

A

Painful genital lesions are a priority assessment. Vaginal birth is not recommended in the presence of HSV. Instead a C-section is indicated

35
Q

Placenta Accreta

A

Major complication is life-threatening hemorrhage, to large bore IVs and blood type and cross match are need incase blood transfusions are required.

36
Q

Uterine Rupture Signs

A

Cessation of contractions and maternal tachycardia

37
Q

APGAR

A

Score 1 point
Appearance: Body pink - extremities blue
Pulse <100
Grimace Grimace/ whimper
Activity/muscle tone some flexion
Resp. Effort slow/weak cry

38
Q

intrauterine fetal demise?

A

The most important thing a nurse can do is collect baseline laboratory test. Patients like these are at risk for DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation) which can be life threatening.

39
Q

Abnormal Hemoglobin by trimester

A

1st and third trimester Hemoglobin: <11g/dL is low

2nd trimester <10.5g/dL is low

40
Q

Contraindications for Epidurals

A

Uncorrected hypotension, and coagulopathies (low platelets, clotting disorders)

41
Q

When is positive pressure indicated in newborns

A

if newborn is unresponsive after birth they are placed in a warmer. If the newborn then wakes up but his HR is <100 PPV is initiated

42
Q

Define Placenta Previa

A

abnormal placement of the placenta, where it partially or complete obstructs the cervical opening. Diagnosed by ultrasoound.

43
Q

Painless vaginal bleeding is most likely what in patients who are >20 weeks gestation?

A

Placenta Previa

44
Q

Expected findings in a Neonate 1-3 hours post partum

A

30-60 breaths per minute
Glucose <70-100 mg/dL but ≥ 40 mg/dL
White papules around nose and chin (called Milia)

45
Q

New Born Vomit?

A

Vomiting through the nose: Normal
Tiny blood streaks in vomit: Normal
Frequent Vomiting since birth: Normal
GREEN VOMIT: ABNORMAL / EMERGENCY BOWEL OBSTRUCTION

46
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Risk?

A

PPH
Uterine tachysystole
Abnormal or indeterminate FHR patterns

47
Q

Amniotomy

A

Rupture of the amniotic sac in order to induce labor

Monitor: 
FHR before and after
Temp x 2hours
Characteristics of Amniotic fluid
Keep client in Upright Position
48
Q

Posterior Fontanel Shape

A

Triangular and smaller than Anterior

49
Q

Anterior Fontanel Shape

A

Diamond

50
Q

Moro Reflex (startle)

A

Simulate falling sensation and baby should extend and raise arm with fingers fanned out, then curls into fetal position. Absence of moro reflex may indicate brain damage.

51
Q

When is MMR given?

A

Postpartum if client was screened and found to be nonimmune.

52
Q

MMR Vaccine during Pregnancy?

A

Never, its is contraindicated.

53
Q

Proper actions by a nurse during Operative vaginal delivery (Forceps / Vacuum)

A

Drain Bladder with cath.
Document time of forcep use
Palpates contractions and notifies the HCP when they are present.

54
Q

What not to do during Operative Vagina Delivery

A

Apply Fundal Pressure. DO NOT do this because it can cause uterine rupture

55
Q

Hirschsprung Disease anticipated findings

A

Distended abdomen
Inability to pass meconium
Feeding intolerance
Tight anal sphincter

56
Q

A holosystolic murmur auscultated at fourth intercostal space?

A

Indicates a septal defect and is an abnormal finding. However, even though its abnormal it usually resolves in 6 months.

57
Q

Single transverse crease along the palm?

A

classic sign of down syndrome, abnormal finding

58
Q

Major complication of Placenta Accreta

A

life-threatening hemorrhage.

Have two large bore IVs (18-guage) and blood type and crossmatch ready incase the client needs a blood transfusion.

Vocab Nclex (2 decks)

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