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B A S I C | Anesthesiology > VOLATILE ANESTHETICS > Flashcards

VOLATILE ANESTHETICS Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most potent volatile anesthetic?

A

Isoflurane

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2
Q

Blood–gas solubility coefficient FOR inhalational anesthetics

A

(highest to lowest) HE IS Des
Halothane: 2.54
Enflurane: 1.9
Isoflurane: 1.46
Sevoflurane: 0.69
Desflurane: 0.42

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3
Q

Administration of nitrous oxide is associated with an increased concentration of what metabolite?

A

Homocysteine

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4
Q

The concentration of inhaled anesthetics that provide loss of awareness and recall:

A

0.4 TO 0.5 MAC

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5
Q

Which volatile anesthetic is the least soluble in the blood?

A

DESFLURANE

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6
Q

Which volatile agent has the lowest blood:gas solubility?

A

DESFLURANE

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7
Q

The typical time to loss of consciousness when delivering 8% sevoflurane via the face mask is:

A

60 SECONDS | 1 Minute

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8
Q

Which volatile anesthetic is metabolized to trifluoroacetate, thereby causing hepatotoxicity through an immunologic mechanism involving trifluoroacetyl hapten formation and a resulting autoimmune response.

A

HALOTHANE

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9
Q

Which volatile anesthetic has the safest liver profile?

A

SEVOFLURANE

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10
Q

Factors that can increase the RATE of fI/fA concentration:

A

Low Blood Solubility
Low CARDIAC OUTPUT
High Minute Ventilation
High pulmonary to arterial venous pressure

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11
Q

Which volatile agent has the lowest blood:gas solubility permitting rapid emergence even with prolonged surgical procedures and in obese patients.

A

Desflurane

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12
Q

Ether-based volatile anesthetics which MAINTAIN or INCREASE hepatic artery blood flow:

A

S I D

Sevoflurane
Isoflurane
Desflurane

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13
Q

Which tissue group plays the greatest role in determining emergence time?

A

FAT

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14
Q

This refers to the highest temperature at which a GAS CAN EXIST in liquid form:

A

CRITICAL TEMPERATURE

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15
Q

Which volatile agent has a critical temperature 36.5°C and can remain a liquid at room temperature?

A

A. Desflurane
B. Sevoflurane
C. Xenon
D. Nitrous Oxide

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16
Q

Which volatile agent has a critical temperature 36.5°C and can remain a liquid at room temperature?

A

NITROUS OXIDE

17
Q

True or False

Nitrous oxide does not affect skeletal muscle relaxation

A

TRUE

18
Q

All volatile agent increases respiratory rate and decrease MV except one. Which volatile agent does not increase respiratory rate above 1 MAC.

A

A.Isoflurane
B. SEVOFLURANE
C. XENON
D. NITROUS OXIDE

19
Q

Which of the following is least likely an early sign of Malignant Hyperthermia?

A

A. Hyperthermia
B. Tachycardia
C. Elevated ETCO2
D. Masseter Spasm or rigidity

20
Q

Sevoflurane and Desflurane are similar in terms of:

A

FLUORINE as the Halogen substitution which is the reason for their MINIMAL METABOLISM.

21
Q

The Vapor Pressure of Desflurane?

A

669

22
Q

True of False? As temperature increases, Vapor pressure increases?

A

TRUE

23
Q

The anesthetic agent passes via SIMPLE DIFFUSION from blood to tissues as well as between tissues.

A

TRUE

24
Q

Anesthetic potency or effect is dependent on the partial pressure of the gas, not the concentration of the agent?

A

TRUE

25
Q

This volatile anesthetic INHIBITS HPV (Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction)

A

SEVOFLURANE

26
Q

ACUTE AMPHETAMINE USE effect on MAC value?

A

INCREASE in MAC

27
Q

THREE FACTORS that affects the UPTAKE of volatile anesthetics

A
  1. Solubility in the blood
  2. Alveolar blood flow
  3. Difference in partial pressure between alveolar gas and venous blood
28
Q

The anesthetic agents are taken up by the Pulmonary circulation during INDUCTION, hence the alveolar concentrations LAG behind inspired concentrations (FA/fI <1.0)

A

TRUE

29
Q

What is the effect of a R to L shunt on speed on inhaled induction?

A

Slows induction

B A S I C | Anesthesiology (16 decks)

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