Questions: T1W4 - T1W6 Flashcards
A previously neutral stimulus through conditioning acquires the capacity to evoke a response referred to as a…
Conditioned stimulus
According to Skinner, the fundamental principle of operant conditioning is that organisms tend to repeat those responses that…
Are followed by favourable consequences
Thabiso returned home after her curfew, and so she was grounded by her parents for one week. What discipline technique is Thabiso’s parents using?
Punishment
A three-year-old boy observes his father shouting at his mother every time she says something he disagrees with. Based on principles of observational learning, the boy is likely to learn whenever his mother says something to him with which he disagrees, he is most likely…
To shout at his mother
Classical conditioning could not easily account for how a young child might learn to…
Feed himself
Congruence can be described as:
no discrepancy between a person’s self-concept and lived experience
Unconditional positive regard can be described as:
no conditions needed to accept every aspect of the client’s experience.
Humanistic personality theories focus on:
Freedom and growth
Abraham Maslow referred to the need to fulfil one’s complete potential as:
Self-actualisation
Junaid has severe anger outbursts, to which he admits he cannot control. A behaviourist would say these are learnt behaviours. A psychoanalyst would say that his unconscious influences his behaviour. Why would the school of humanism find these conceptualisations problematic?
If you believe in this kind of determinism, you are stripping away a uniquely human element.
Which of the following variables is manipulated in an experiment?
Independent
In psychology, a dependent variable in an experiment is…
A dimension that the experimenter suggests may vary by manipulating an independent variable and can also be one of a wide variety of behaviours
Informed consent…
Ensures that people are not manipulated or coerced to participate in a study
A confounding variable in a research design is an…
unintended independent variable that covaries with an intended independent variable
The choice of an appropriate investigative method is determined by:
the ethics of the method
the nature of the hypothesis under investigation
the resources available for doing the research (e.g., time, money, research participants)
